常规扎根与动态回应:外包式社工站参与基层治理的多重逻辑与运作机制

Routine Rooting and Dynamic Response:Multiple Logic and Operation Mechanism of Outsourcing Social Work Station in Grassroots Governance

社会治理的重心在基层。乡镇社会工作站是建设社会治理共同体、推进基层社会治理现代化的重要一环。从混合型组织理论视角出发,乡镇社工站可以被视为社会治理专业化的国家“具身”实践,强化了国家与社会之间的有效联结,社工站专业化和在地化等组织特性,有效提升了治理行为的灵活性和有效性,是中国特色社会工作发展道路的显著表征。通过田野调查发现,外包式社工站具有“政府-市场-社会-专业”多重逻辑混合的组织特征,通过常规扎根的在地化参与和动态回应的项目式参与,其能够有效发挥专业性、在地性等组织优势以回应地方治理需求,但同时也面临“市场化-公共性”和“正式性-非正式性”的内在张力,可能会引发社工站进一步发展的价值偏离。

The focus of social governance lies at the grassroots level.Township social work station is an important part of building social governance community and promoting the modernization of social governance at the grassroots level.From the perspective of hybrid organization theory,township social work stations can be regarded as the“embodied”practice of national social governance specialization,which strengthens the effective connection between the state andsociety.The organizational characteristics of social work stations,such as specialization and localization,effectively enhance the flexibility and effectiveness of governance behavior,which is a significant representation of the development path of social work with Chinese characteristics.Through a field study,this paper found that outsourcing social work stations have the organizational characteristics of the hybrid of multiple institutional logic of“government-market-society-profession”.Through local participation of routine rooting and project-based participation of dynamic response,social work stations can effectively play its professional and local advantages to respond to local governance needs.However,it also faces the internal tension of“marketization-publicity”and“formality-informality”,which may lead to the value deviation of the further development of social work stations.