三维有限元法分析前纵韧带对腰椎生物力学的影响

Three-dimensional Finite Element Analysis of Biomechanical Effect of Anterior Longitudinal Ligament on Lumbar Spine

该文基于人体DICOM图像建立了更符合人体解剖结构的L4/5节段腰椎三维有限元模型,模拟腰椎前屈、后伸、侧弯及扭转4种运动状态下的生物力学响应。前纵韧带(ALL)受损后腰椎的关节活动度(ROM)增大,后伸时增大最显著。ALL受损后应力减小且分布发生改变,后伸时应力最大位置由韧带上部转移至韧带下部,侧弯时应力作用范围明显缩小。ALL受损后应变分布发生不同程度的改变,产生明显的纵向形变。除扭转外,其他运动状态下ALL应变增大,后伸和侧弯应变增加量最大。ALL主要限制后伸运动,ALL受损后腰椎稳定性下降。ALL受损后进行后伸和侧弯运动时可能会加重已有的损伤,因此ALL受损患者应尽量减少过度后伸和侧弯运动。该文的仿真实验可对韧带损伤疾病的诊断治疗提供支持和参考。

Based on DICOM images of the human body,an L4/5 segment three-dimensional finite element model that more closely conforms to the anatomical structure of the human body was established to simulate the biomechanical responses of the lumbar spine under four motion states:flexion,extension,lateral bending,and torsion.After ALL injury,the ROM of the lumbar spine increases,with the most significant increase during extension.After ALL damage,the stress decreases and the distribution changes.During extension,the maximum stress position shifts from the upper part of the ligament to the lower part of the ligament,and the stress action range significantly decreases during lateral bending.After ALL damage,the strain distribution changes to varying degrees,resulting in significant longitudinal deformation.In other motion states except torsion,the ALL strain increases,with the largest increase in extension and lateral bending strains.ALL mainly restricts backward extension movement,and lumbar stability decreases after ALL injury.Patients with impaired ALL should minimize excessive extension and lateral bending movements,which may aggravate existing injuries during extension and lateral bending movements.This simulation experiment provides support and reference for the diagnosis and treatment of ligament injury diseases.