不同尺度弱势群体对公园绿地潜在供给与实际游憩服务获得的响应差异及其影响因素

Responses of Vulnerable Groups to Urban Park Potential Supply and Actual Recreational Service Acquisition and their Influencing Factors at Different Scales

社会分层和空间异质性加剧使得弱势群体获得公园游憩服务的公平性问题日益凸显,探究弱势群体的公园绿地潜在供给和实际游憩服务获得的差异仍是一项重要任务。选择中国武汉市24个具有明显社会层级和空间异质性的小区,从居住区和个人2个尺度研究了不同弱势群体获得公园绿地潜在供给和实际服务的公平性差异,并分析了2个尺度中弱势因素对获得游憩服务的交互影响,以及影响游憩服务获得的主要因素。结果显示,老旧小区的公园绿地潜在供给以及实际游憩服务与新小区没有显著差异,但生理弱势是影响居民获得游憩服务差异的主要因子,而不同尺度的非生理弱势因素交互则会明显削弱居民可获得的单次游憩服务量。此外,居住区尺度小区周边设施对居民可获得的公园游憩服务的影响大于小区内部条件和居民个人社会经济特征。研究结果明确了城市建成环境对不同弱势群体获得公园游憩服务的公平性影响差异,对快速城市化地区弱势群体公平获得公园游憩服务的改善具有重要帮助。

The social stratification and spatial heterogeneity have made the fairness of vulnerable groups'access to park recreation services increasingly prominent.It is still an important task to explore the differences between the potential urban park supply and the actual recreational service access of different vulnerable groups.Selecting 24 communities with differences in social level and spatial heterogeneity in Wuhan,studied the equity between different vulnerable groups in obtaining the potential supply and actual services of urban park from the two scales of community and individual,and analyzed the interactive impact of vulnerable factors on obtaining recreational services in the two scales,and the main factors affecting the access to recreational services.The results show that the potential supply of urban park and actual recreational services in the old community are not significantly different from those in the new community.However,physiological vulnerability is the main factor that affects the difference of residents obtain recreational services,while the interaction of non-physiological vulnerability factors at different scales would significantly weaken the amount of single recreational services available to residents.In addition,the impact of the surrounding facilities of the residential area on the park recreational services available to residents is greater than the internal conditions of the community and the individual socioeconomic characteristics of residents.These results clarify the differences in the impact of urban built environment on the fairness of access by different vulnerable groups to park recreational services,which will provide important help for the improvement of vulnerable groups'fair access to park recreation services.