武陵山区高质量发展综合评价——以湖北恩施州为例

Comprehensive Evaluation of High Quality Development in Wuling Mountain Area:a Case Study of Enshi Autonomous Prefecture of Hubei Province

高质量发展已成为新时期中国经济社会发展的普遍要求。恩施州是国家重点生态功能区,发展不充分、市县发展不平衡、创新能力不强等问题突出。为推动武陵山区高质量发展,基于恩施州2005-2019年时间序列数据,构建了包括经济规模、经济结构、绿色发展、人民生活、开放创新5个一级指标、17个二级指标的高质量发展综合评价体系,利用熵值法确定各指标的权重,再借助多指标综合评价模型对恩施州2019年高质量发展水平进行测度。结果显示,恩施州绿色发展表现良好,超过全国平均水平,其中森林覆盖率、生活垃圾无害处理率、单位GDP能耗等二级指标,评价值均高于或等于100,属于“优”等水平;经济结构和人民生活表现良好,其中公路密度、消费率、城乡居民收入比等,评价值均大于100,属于“优”等水平;而经济规模和开放创新表现较差,远低于全国平均水平,尤其是固定资产投资、外贸依存度、人均财政收入、外资依存度、科技支出占比、人均GDP等,评价值均低于60,归属于“差”等水平。据此,为进一步促进以恩施州为代表的武陵山区实现高质量发展,应从加大财政支持力度、优化经济结构、提高开放创新水平、注重绿色协调发展等方面发力。

High-quality development has become the basic requirement of China’s economic and social development in the new era.Enshi Autonomous Prefecture is a national key ecological functional area,with prominent problems such as inadequate development,unbalanced development between cities and counties,and weak innovation capability.In order to promote the high-quality development of Wuling Mountain area,based on the time series data of Enshi Autonomous Prefecture from 2005 to 2019,a comprehensive evaluation system of high-quality development was established,including five first-level indicators,economic scale,economic structure,green development,people's life,open innovation,and 17 second-level indicators.The entropy method was used to determine the weight of each indicator,and then the multi-index comprehensive evaluation model was used for Enshi to measure the state's highquality development level in 2019.The results show that the green development performance of Enshi Autonomous prefecture is good,exceeding the national average level.Among them for the forest coverage rate,harmless disposal rate of household garbage,energy consumption per unit of GDP and other secondary indicators,the evaluation value is higher than or equal to 100,showing that they are at“excellent”level.The economic structure and people's living performance are good.Among them,the road density,consumption rate and urban-rural income ratio are all above 100,showing that they are at“excellent”level.However,the economic scale and open innovation performance are poor,far below the national average level,especially for the fixed asset investment,foreign trade dependence,per capita fiscal revenue,foreign investment dependence,the proportion of scientific and technological expenditure,per capita GDP,etc.The evaluation value is lower than 60,showing that they are at the“poor”level.Accordingly,in order to further promote the high-quality development of Wuling Mountain Area represented by Enshi Autonomous Prefecture,efforts should be made in such aspects as increasing financial support,optimizing economic structure,improving the level of openness and innovation,and attaching importance to green and coordinated development.