丹麦政党格局的特点及其发展趋势

The Characteristics and Development Trends of the Danish Political Party Landscape

丹麦是传统意义上的温和多党制国家,其政党格局的特点是议会中政党数量较多,长期保持以社会民主党为优势党的左右两个阵营格局,联合政府、特别是少数派联合政府成为常态。2022年大选前后,丹麦政党格局呈现出一些新的变化,议会中政党数量创新高,新的跨阵营多数派联合政府在多方面颠覆传统,议题型政党进一步削弱了传统主流政党的主导地位。总体看来,丹麦政党政治表现出政党格局的碎片化程度加深、意识形态的对立淡化和政治极化等新趋势。

Denmark is historically a moderate multi-party state.Its political party landscape is characterized by the large number of parties in the parliament,a long-standing left-right bipolar pattern with the Social Democratic Party as the leading party,and coalition governments,even minority coalition governments,as the norm.Before and after the 2022 general election,the Danish political party landscape has showed some new changes.The number of parties in the parliament has reached a record high,the new left-right majority coalition government has overturned the Danish traditions in many ways,and the dominance of traditional mainstream parties has been further undermined by issue-based parties.The Danish party politics has generally evolved in some new trends,such as deeper fragmentation of the political party landscape,dilution of major ideological rivalries,and political polarization.