脱毒对淀粉型甘薯产量和品质的影响

Effects of Virus-free Treatment on the Yield and Quality of Starch-type Sweet Potato Varieties

[目的]评价无病毒淀粉型甘薯生产性能,为生产推荐优良种薯。[方法]选取绵南薯10号和绵薯13号2个淀粉型甘薯品种为材料,以传统栽插的常规薯苗为对照,研究脱毒种苗对甘薯特征特性、产量和品质的影响。[结果]脱毒后绵南薯10号和绵薯13号的单株地上部鲜重分别比对照增加28.36%、3.13%,鲜薯产量分别比对照增加74.44%、0.30%,薯块干率分别比对照增加18.91%、2.87%,淀粉含量分别比对照增加22.47%、7.50%,还原糖含量分别比对照降低3.34%、37.89%。[结论]2个品种对病毒的抗(耐)性不同,其中绵薯13号更抗(耐)病毒,脱毒对不抗(耐)病毒品种绵南薯10号的增产效果更佳。在生产上使用脱毒种薯种苗是快速提高淀粉型甘薯产量和品质的有效方法,能促进甘薯产业健康、持续发展。

[Objective]To evaluate the production performance of virus-free starch sweet potato and to recommend good seed potato for production.[Method]Taking Miannanshu 10 and Mianshu 13 as the starchy sweet potato variety,we researched the effects of toxin-free seedlings on the characteristics,yield and quality of sweet potato with conventional potato seedlings as the control.[Result]Fresh above-ground weight per plant of virus-free Miannanshu 10 and Mianshu 13 enhanced by 28.36%and 3.13%compared with CK,respectively;yields of fresh sweet potatoes enhanced by 74.44%and 0.30%;starch contents enhanced by 22.47%and 7.50%;reducing sugar contents enhanced by 3.34%and 37.89%,respectively.[Conclusion]Virus resistances of the two varieties were different,and Mianshu 13 had higher resistance.Detoxification had better yield-increasing effects on Miannanshu 10.Using virus-free seed potato seedlings in production is an effective way to rapidly improve the yield and quality of starch sweet potato,which can promote the healthy and sustainable development of the sweet potato industry.