复合生物菌肥对设施黄瓜根结线虫及根际土壤的影响

Effects of Compound Bio-bacterial Manure on Root-knot Nematode and Rhizosphere Soil of Cucumber

为明确以淡紫拟青霉和地衣芽孢杆菌为活性成分配比的复合生物菌肥对黄瓜根结线虫及土壤环境的影响,通过大棚试验探究其对黄瓜根结线虫病的防治效果和对植株的促生效果,采用稀释平板法检测根际土壤微生物,并测定土壤有机质及氮、磷、钾等养分的含量。结果显示,施用菌肥处理(SJ)对黄瓜根结线虫病的防治效果较好,用量为1000 kg/hm^(2)时的防治效果达67.24%,与0.5%阿维菌素颗粒剂处理(SA)的防治效果(70.46%)相当;处理SJ的黄瓜植株鲜重比处理SA和空白对照(CK)分别提高了27.83%和38.79%;处理SJ根际土壤的放线菌数量分别比处理SA和CK增加了430.83%和880.56%,水解性氮、有效磷、速效钾的含量也有不同程度的提高。表明以淡紫拟青霉和地衣芽孢杆菌为活性成分的复合生物菌肥可有效防治黄瓜根结线虫病,促进植株的生长和生物量的累积,提高土壤肥力和改善土壤微生态环境。

In order to make clear the effects of compound bio-bacterial manure prepared with Paecilomyces lilacinus and Bacillus licheniformis on cucumber root knot nematodes and soil environment,its control effect on cucumber root knot nematode disease and growth promoting effect was conducted in greenhouse.Rhizosphere soil microorganisms were evaluated by dilution pate method.The content of soil organic matter,nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium and other nutrients were also determined.The results showed that treatment applied bio-bacterial manure(SJ)obtain a control efficacy of 67.24%,which was equivalent to that of 0.5%avermectin granule treatment(SA).Among all the treatments,the highest values of plant fresh weight was obtained in SJ,increased by 27.83%and 38.79%respectively,compared with SA and control(CK).The actinomycetes population of SJ increased significantly,with 430.83%and 880.56%rise respectively compared to SA and CK.The contents of hydrolyzable nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium of SJ also increased in varying degrees.These results suggest that the application of compound bio-bacterial manure prepared with Paecilomyces lilacinus and Bacillus licheniformis can effectively control cucumber root-knot nematode,promote plant growth and biomass accumulation,improve soil fertility and soil micro ecological environment.