中国西北五省中等收入群体的比较(2000-2018)

A Comparative Study of Middle-Income Groups in Five Northwestern Provinces in China(2000-2018)

作为社会和谐的中坚力量,中等收入群体在稳定经济增长、促进内需、带动市场发展等方面发挥着重要作用.采用核密度测算方法,对西北五省中等收入群体比重进行了测量,并对其基尼系数进行了比较分析.研究发现:(1)陕西、甘肃、青海和新疆的中等收入群体比重低于全国水平.(2)陕西、甘肃和青海的整体中等收入群体比重和农村中等收入群体比重呈现波动上升趋势,但仍与全国平均水平存在差距.(3)陕西、甘肃和新疆的城镇中等收入群体比重高于农村;青海省农村中等收入群体比重呈现上升趋势,并于2012年超越城镇.(4)虽然西北五省中等收入群体基尼系数低于0.4,且表现出下降趋势,但仍高于全国水平;另外,农村和城镇整体收入水平不断提升的同时,城乡间收入差距仍在扩大.

As the backbone of social harmony,middle-income groups play an important role in stabilizing economic growth,promoting domestic demand and driving market development.This paper uses the nuclear density calculation method to measure the proportion of middle-income groups in five northwestern provinces in China,and makes a comparative analysis of their Gini coefficient individually.The findings are as follows:(1)The proportion of middle-income groups in Shaanxi,Gansu,Qinghai and Xinjiang is lower than the national level.(2)The overall proportion of middle-income groups in Shaanxi,Gansu and Qinghai and the proportion of middle-income groups in rural areas show a fluctuating upward trend,but there is still a gap compared with the national average.(3)The proportion of urban middle-income groups in Shaanxi,Gansu and Xinjiang is higher than that in rural areas;the proportion of middle-income groups in rural areas in Qinghai Province is on the rise,and it surpassed the proportion in cities and towns in 2012.(4)Although the Gini coefficient of middle-income groups in the five northwestern provinces is lower than 0.4 and shows a downward trend,it is still higher than the national level;in addition,while the overall income level of rural and urban areas is constantly improving,the income gap between urban and rural areas is still widening.