柯乐猪和大白猪胎盘发育与繁殖性能的相关性分析

Correlation analysis of placental development and reproductive performance in Kele pigs and Yorkshire pigs

旨在探讨柯乐猪与大白猪胎盘组织形态及营养转运、血管生成、抗氧化应激和细胞凋亡与其繁殖性能差异的相关性。比较大白猪与柯乐猪窝均产仔数、产活仔率、初生重、胎盘绒毛数量、血管数量,以及胎盘营养转运、血管生成、抗氧化应激、细胞凋亡相关基因的mRNA表达水平。结果显示:柯乐猪的窝均产仔数、产活仔率和平均初生重均显著低于大白猪(P<0.05);通过组织形态学分析发现,柯乐猪胎盘相较于大白猪表现为绒毛数量不足和发育不良;实时荧光定量PCR显示,柯乐猪胎盘中葡萄糖转运基因溶质载体家族2成员1(SLC2A1)和氨基酸转运基因溶质载体家族38成员10(SLC38A10),抗氧化应激相关基因铜锌超氧化物歧化酶(CuZn-SOD)、锰超氧化物歧化酶(Mn-SOD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT),抗细胞凋亡基因B淋巴细胞瘤-2基因(BCL-2)的转录水平显著低于大白猪胎盘(P<0.05),而脂肪酸转运蛋白4(FATP4)的转录水平显著高于大白猪胎盘(P<0.05);柯乐猪胎盘中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、CAT酶活性显著低于大白猪胎盘(P<0.05),而活性氧(ROS)自由基水平显著高于大白猪胎盘(P<0.05);通过TUNEL分析显示,柯乐猪胎盘组织的细胞凋亡水平极显著高于大白猪胎盘(P<0.01)。结论:胎盘组织形态发育不良以及营养转运、抗氧化、抗凋亡能力不足可能是造成柯乐猪胎儿数量少和初生重低的重要原因,这可为探究柯乐猪繁殖性能的调控机制提供重要依据。

This study was to investigate the correlation of differences in placental morphologies,nutrient transport,angiogenesis,antioxidant stress and apoptosis with reproductive performances in Kele pigs and Yorkshire pigs.The average litter size,live birth rate,birth weight and number of placental villi,number of blood vessels,placental nutrition transport,angiogenesis,antioxidant stress and apoptosis-related genes mRNA expression levels were compared between Yorkshire pigs and Kele pigs.We found that the average litter size,live birth rate and birth weight of Kele pigs were significantly lower than those of Yorkshire pigs(P<0.05).Histomorphological analysis revealed that the placenta of the Collembola pigs had an insufficient number of villi and poorly developed villi as compared to that of the white pigs.Real-time quantitative PCR results showed that the transcription levels of the glucose transporter solute carrier family 2 member 1 Gene(SLC2A1)and the amino acid transporter solute carrier family 38 member 10 Gene(SLC38A10),the antioxidant stress-related genes cytoplasmic copper/zinc superoxide dismutase(CuZn-SOD),the manganese superoxide dismutase(Mn-SOD)and catalase(CAT)and anti-apoptotic gene B-cell lymphoma-2(BCL-2)in the placenta of the Kele pigs were significantly lower(P<0.05),but the transcription level of the fatty acid transporter gene fatty acid transport protein 4(FATP4)were significantly higher than those in the placenta of the Yorkshire pigs(P<0.05).Furthermore,the enzyme activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD)and CAT in the placentas of the Kele pigs were significantly lower(P<0.05)and the level of the reactive oxygen species(ROS)was significantly higher than that of the Yorkshire pigs(P<0.05).The TUNEL analysis showed that the level of apoptosis in the placentas of the Kele pigs was significantly higher than that of the Yorkshire pigs(P<0.01).Poor morphological development,defects in placental nutrient transport,antioxidant and anti-apoptotic abilities might be the important reasons for the low number of fetus and birth weight of the Kele pigs,which provided important basis for exploring the regulation mechanism of reproductive performance of Kele pigs.