中药清瘟解毒口服液对肉鸡生长性能及呼吸道功能的影响

Effect of Chinese herbal medicine Qingwen Jiedu oral liquid the growth performance and respiratory function of broiler chickens

旨在研究临床使用清瘟解毒口服液预防给药,防止肉鸡呼吸道症状的扩散及反复出现,并观察其对肉鸡生长性能、呼吸道功能、机体炎性指标的影响。选用60000只1日龄的健康白羽肉鸡,随机分为2组,每组3个重复,每个重复各10000只,试验组为清瘟解毒口服液组,分别在9日龄和21日龄饮水中开始添加清瘟解毒口服液(每1000 kg饮水中添加2000 mL药液,自由饮水,每次使用5 d);对照组在试验期间不添加任何药物。试验周期28 d,于第1次用药后第7、14、21和28天,每组随机挑选30只鸡采样,测定生长性能、抗体效价、细胞因子、抗氧化指标,观察清瘟解毒口服液对鸡气管和肺组织的影响。结果显示:与对照组相比,清瘟解毒口服液组肉鸡欧洲效益指数(EPI)高于对照组,在21~28 d期间清瘟解毒口服液组的生长速度明显提高,全程平均日增重高于对照组;清瘟解毒口服液组气管纤毛柱状细胞排列紧密,杯状细胞稍有增加,肺小叶之间分界清楚,肺房和肺毛细管结构清楚,在某些三级支气管管腔、肺房、肺毛细管和血管中红细胞分布少;清瘟解毒口服液组的各项免疫指标(法氏囊指数、肝脏指数、肾脏指数、胸腺指数)高于对照组,清瘟解毒口服液组禽流感抗体效价全程显著高于空白组(P<0.05);清瘟解毒口服液组血清和肺组织中白介素6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、白介素10(IL-10)含量在不同的阶段都显著低于对照组(P<0.05),清瘟解毒口服液组肺组织中IL-6、TNF-α和IL-10的mRNA表达量显著降低(P<0.05);清瘟解毒口服液组不同阶段血清和肺组织中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力升高,丙二醛(MDA)含量显著降低(P<0.05)。综上,通过在临床采用清瘟解毒口服液预防给药可提高肉鸡EPI,提高肉鸡生长性能和呼吸道功能,同时减弱机体和呼吸器官炎症,提高疫苗抗体水平,对预防肉鸡呼吸道疾病和提高整体健康水平具有良好的作用。

This study aimed to prevent the spread and recurrence of respiratory symptoms by using Qingwen Jiedu oral liquid in broiler chickens and to observe its effects on growth performance,respiratory function,and inflammatory indexes of the organism.600001-day-old AA broiler chickens were selected and randomly divided into 2 groups with 3 replicates each group,and 10000 chickens in each replicate.Group Ⅰ was the group administered with Qingwen Jiedu oral liquid which was added to their drinking water when the chickens were 9-and 21-day-old,respectively(2000 mL of the solution was added to every 1000 kg of the drinking water,and the chickens drank the water freely for 5 d days each time).Group Ⅱ was the control group,of which the drinking water was not supplemented with any drug at the same time points as those of the tested group.The experiment lasted for 28 days,with 30 chickens in each group randomly selected on days 7,14,21,and 28 of the first dose for sample collection and observation.The growth performance,antibody potency,cytokines,antioxidant parameters,and morphology of the tracheal and lung tissues of the chickens were measured.The results showed that,compared with Group Ⅱ,Group Ⅰ had a higher European efficiency index(EPI)and significantly higher growth rate(P<0.05).Meanwhile,the tracheal ciliated columnar cells in Group Ⅰ were closely arranged,the cup-shaped cells were slightly increased,the lung lobules were demarcated from each other,the pulmonary atria and pulmonary capillaries were structured,and the erythrocytes were less distributed in some tertiary bronchial lumen,pulmonary atria,pulmonary capillaries,and blood vessels.Group Ⅰ had higher immune indexes(the bursal,liver,kidney,and thymus indexes)and avian influenza antibody potency than Group Ⅱ.However,at different stages,serum interleukin 6(IL-6),alpha tumor necrosis factor(TNF-α),interleukin 10(IL-10)levels,and the levels of IL-6,TNF-α and IL-10 and mRNA expression in the lung tissue were significantly lower(P<0.05).In addition,compared with Group Ⅱ,the superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity was increased,and the malondialdehyde(MDA)content was significantly lower in the serum and lung tissues at different stages in GroupⅠ(P<0.05).In conclusion,the present study showed that supplementing Qingwen Jiedu oral liquid to drinking water improved the EPI,growth performance,respiratory function,and antibody level in AA broilers.Meanwhile,it attenuated the inflammation of the organism and respiratory organs.It had a good effect on preventing respiratory diseases in and improving the overall health of AA broilers.