清乾隆时期西湖行宫园林区复原探析

A Preliminary Study on the Restoration of the Garden Area of the West Lake Temporary Imperial Palace During the Qianlong Period of the Qing Dynasty

西湖行宫位于杭州西湖孤山,是清帝南巡驻跸杭州的居所,乾隆时期西湖行宫园林在原圣因寺山园的基础上扩建而来,咸丰十年因战乱毁坏未能重建,现仅存遗址。基于对现存历史图像、文字资料的整理和行宫园林遗址现状的三维激光扫描测绘,同时参考清代西湖周边及江南传统园林同类建筑实例,对乾隆时期西湖行宫园林的整体格局和园林建筑、水体、假山、植物等要素进行复原。在复原基础上,总结西湖行宫园林的造园特点为:因山构园,错层相望;院落结构,迂回串联;八景题名,景境相生。

The West Lake Temporary Imperial Palace located in the Gushan mountain of the West Lake in Hangzhou.It is the residence of the Qing emperor’s southern tour in Hangzhou.During the Qianlong period,the West Lake Temporary Imperial Palace Garden was expanded based on the original Shengyin Temple mountain garden.In the tenth year of Xianfeng,war destroyed it and failed to be rebuilt.Based on the collation of existing historical images and text data and the three-dimensional laser scanning surveying of the current situation of the palace garden site,and referring to the examples of similar buildings around the West Lake in the Qing Dynasty and the Jiangnan traditional gardens,the overall pattern of the palace garden of the West Lake during the Qianlong period and the garden buildings,water bodies,rockeries,and plant elements were restored.On the basis of restoration,the gardening characteristics of the West Lake Temporary Imperial Palace Garden are summarized.