元语言书面纠正性反馈的效果及与学习者参与相关性研究

The Effects of Metalinguistic Written Corrective Feedback and Their Correlation with Learners’Engagement

书面纠正性反馈一直是二语写作研究中的热点话题之一。本研究通过“前测—干预—问卷”,考察了错误代码和语法描述两种元语言书面纠正性反馈的总体效果、对不同类型语言错误的效果以及与学习者参与的相关性。研究结果如下:第一,两种元语言反馈总体上均有效,但语法描述能够更快地取得纠正效果;第二,两种元语言反馈对不同类型语言错误均有效,但在语篇错误上没有与对照组形成显著差异;第三,语法描述在认知、行为和态度三个维度上与学习者参与表现出高度相关性,错误代码则在认知和态度两个维度上与学习者参与呈现高度相关性。基于上述研究结果,本研究认为语法描述能促进程序性知识的转化,提升反馈效率;错误类型上的差异会对反馈效果产生影响;同时学习者对语言错误的理解以及修改过程中的任务量会影响学习者参与与反馈效果的相关性。

Written corrective feedback is one of the most popular topics in L2 writing research.By means of“pretest-treatment-questionnaire”,this study investigates the overall effects of error code and grammatical description(two types of metalinguistic written corrective feedback),their effects on different kinds of errors,and their correlation with learners’engagement.The results are as follows:Firstly,error code and grammatical description are effective in general,but the latter has a better efficacy.Secondly,both strategies are effective for different kinds of errors;however,no significant difference is found between the two metalinguistic feedback and direct feedback at the passage level.Thirdly,grammatical description highly correlates with learners’cognitive,behavioral and affective engagement,whereas error code only highly correlates with learners’cognitive and affective engagement.Based on the results,the study argues that grammatical description can enable the formation of procedural knowledge,thus enhancing the efficacy of feedback.In addition,the types of errors have an impact on the results of the feedback.Both learners’perception of errors and the workload in correction influence the correlation between learners’engagement and the effects of feedback.