学前儿童对幼师性别的偏好——来自幼儿友好型内隐联想测验(PSF-IAT)的证据

Preschool Children’s Preference for Preschool Teachers’ Gender——Evidence from Preschooler-friendly Implicit Association Test

幼师对学前儿童的发展具有重要的作用,了解学前儿童对幼师性别偏好的现状及影响因素,有助于为当下幼师的选聘提供理论支撑,更好地促进儿童性别意识的发展。本研究采用幼儿友好型内隐联想测验(PSF-IAT),结合访谈法,以53名小班幼儿和83名大班幼儿为被试,考察了不同年级的儿童对教师性别偏好的现状,以及幼儿是否拥有过男幼师的教育经验对于学前儿童性别偏好的影响。研究结果发现:(1)男孩表现出对男幼师的偏好,女孩表现出对女幼师的偏好;(2)年级和有无接触过男幼师的经验这两个因素对学前儿童对男/女幼师的偏好无显著影响。研究表明幼儿园需要进一步引进男幼师以满足男孩对于男幼师的心理需求,改善女孩对男幼师的态度,更好地促进幼儿性别意识的正确发展。

Preschool teachers play an important role in the development of preschool children. Understanding the current situation and influencing factors of preschool children’s gender preference for preschool teachers is helpful to provide theoretical support for the selection and employment of current preschool teachers and better promote the development of children’s gender consciousness. In this study,a computer task-kindergarten-friendly Implicit Association Test(PSF-IAT) which can truly understand the implicit attitude of the individual was used. Combined with interviews,53 children in junior classes and 83 children in senior classes were selected as subjects. The current situation of children’s gender preference for teachers in different grades was investigated,and the influence of children’s educational experience on children’s gender preference was investigated. The results showed that:(1)Boys showed preference for male preschool teachers and girls showed preference for female preschool teachers.(2)Grade and experience have no significant effect on preschool children’s preference for male/female preschool teachers. The study shows that kindergartens need to further introduce male preschool teachers to meet the psychological needs of boys for male preschool teachers,improve girls’ attitudes towards male preschool teachers,and better promote the correct development of children’s gender awareness.