熔融沉积法制备骨组织工程支架的应用进展

Application progress of bone tissue engineering scaffolds prepared by fused deposition modeling

人工骨支架材料因来源广泛、免疫排斥风险低及可个性化定制等优点在骨替代材料领域中受到广泛关注。传统的骨支架制造工艺复杂且难以控制其内部结构,严重阻碍了骨支架的研发。3D打印技术及其与骨组织工程的结合推动了骨支架领域的快速发展。熔融沉积制造(fused deposition modeling,FDM)作为3D打印技术的一种,其原理简单、成本低,可准确、快速地制备结构复杂、外观个性的骨支架。本文从组成、结构和功能角度对FDM技术制备的骨支架进行分类,阐述其应用及研究进展,最后展望FDM骨支架在未来的临床应用和发展趋势,以期进一步为骨支架研究提供参考。

Artificial bone scaffolds have been attracting a lot of attentions in the field of bone replacement materials due to their wide source,low risk of immune rejection and customization.The traditional manufacturing technologies of bone scaffolds are complicated and difficult to control its internal structure,which seriously blocks the research and development of bone scaffolds.3D printing technology and its combination with bone tissue engineering have promoted the rapid development of bone scaffolds field.Fused deposition modeling(FDM)as a type of 3D printing technology,which is simple principle and low cost,can produce bone scaffolds with complex structure and personalized appearance accurately and quickly.We classify bone scaffolds prepared by FDM technology from the perspectives of composition,structures and functions,describe their research progress,prospect the clinical application and development trend in the future to provide further reference for bone scaffold research.