黄河流域九省(区)水利风景区时空分异特征研究

Study on Temporal and Spatial Differentiation Characteristics of Water Conservancy Scenic Spots of Nine Provinces(Regions)in the Yellow River Basin

为准确把握黄河流域九省(区)水利风景区发展的时空特征,以黄河流域九省(区)356个水利风景区为研究对象,综合运用空间自相关分析、核密度法、标准差椭圆、地理探测器等方法分析黄河流域九省(区)水利风景区的时空分异特征和影响因素。结果表明:2001-2021年黄河流域九省(区)水利风景区数量呈快速增长趋势,空间分布经历了由低值区向中值区、高值区演变的过程;黄河流域九省(区)水利风景区在空间上正相关,呈显著集聚空间分布格局,且集聚程度不断提高;核密度呈“兴”字形分布特征,以黄河中下游为核心集聚区,集聚差异从中游向下游逐步扩大;冷热点呈“西部冷、东部热”的分布格局,表现为冷点区持续扩大、热点区趋于稳定的变化趋势;分布方向呈东(略偏北)—西(略偏南)的空间态势;黄河流域九省(区)水利风景区空间分异是多因素共同作用的结果,经济水平是主导因素,交通条件是关键因素,自然条件是相关因素。

In order to accurately grasp the temporal and spatial characteristics of the development of water conservancy scenic spots of nine provinces(regions)in the Yellow River Basin,taking 356 water conservancy scenic spots of nine provinces(regions)in the Yellow River Basin as the research object,comprehensively using spatial autocorrelation analysis,kernel density analysis,standard deviation ellipse and geographic detector to analyze the spatial and temporal differentiation characteristics and influencing factors of water conservancy scenic spots of nine provinces(regions)in the Yellow River Basin.The results show that from 2001 to 2021,the number of water conservancy scenic spots of nine provinces(regions)in the Yellow River Basin shows a rapid growth trend,and the spatial distribution has experienced a process of evolution from low⁃value areas to middle⁃value areas and high⁃value areas.The water conservancy scenic spots of nine provinces(regions)in the Yellow River Basin have a positive correlation in space,showing a significant spatial distribution pattern of agglomeration,and the de⁃gree of agglomeration continues to increase.The nuclear density is characterized by a“Xing”⁃shaped distribution,showing a spatial evolution pattern with the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River as the core agglomeration area,and the agglomeration difference gradually ex⁃pands from the middle reaches to the lower reaches.The distribution pattern of the cold and hot spots is“cold in the west and hot in the east”,which shows a trend of continuous expansion of the cold spot area and stable change of the hot spot area.The distribution direction is in the spatial trend of“east(slightly north)⁃west(slightly south)”.The spatial differentiation of water conservancy scenic spots of nine prov⁃inces(regions)in the Yellow River Basin is the result of the combined action of multiple factors.The economic level is the dominant factor,the traffic condition is the key factor,and the natural condition is the relevant factor.