中欧跨境数据流动治理合作机制:从非合作博弈到合作博弈

China-EU Cross-border Data Flow Governance and Cooperation Mechanism:From Non-Cooperative Game to Cooperative Game

中国与欧盟作为全球两大主要数字经济体,跨境数据流动治理规则关系到双方数据安全与数字经济发展。从博弈论的角度来看,因跨境数据流动理念、制度和措施上的差异,中欧目前处于非合作博弈状态,可能陷入跨境数据流动的“囚徒困境”。从非合作博弈转向合作博弈的关键在于权衡双方潜在损益,达成合作协议。经模型分析可知,相比于数字经济合作,中欧从数据安全领域着手展开合作,形成博弈均衡的概率较大。为了推动实现中欧数据安全与数字经济发展的双赢,在数据安全方面,中欧需要协同数据安全评估标准与补充措施实施标准,协商确立对等管辖权和司法互助协议。在数字经济方面,双方应利用优势互补,规范竞争秩序,提升对话机制。

China and EU as two major digital economies in the world’s,the cross-border data flow governance rules are related to the data security and digital economy development of both sides.From the perspective of game theory,due to the differences in the concepts,systems and measures of cross-border data flow,China and EU are currently in a state of non-cooperative game,and may fall into the“prisoner’s dilemma”of cross-border data flow.The key to shift from non-cooperative game to a cooperative game lies in to weigh the potential profits and losses of both sides and reach a cooperation agreement.According to the model analysis,it is known to see that compared with digital economy cooperation,China and EU should start cooperation from the field of data security and have a greater chance of forming a game equilibrium.In order to achieve a win-win development of data security and digital economy in China and EU,in terms of data security,China and EU need to coordinate the data security assessment standards and the implementation standards of supplementary measures,and negotiate and reach an agreement on reciprocal jurisdiction and judicial mutual assistance.In terms of digital economy,the two sides should take advantage of each other’s advantages,normalize the competition order and strengthen the dialogue mechanism.