疫情背景下大学生心理健康状况及干预策略

Mental health status and its intervention strategies in college students under the background of the epidemic

目的 探讨新冠感染疫情下高校疫情常态管理期间学生心理健康状况及其影响因素,并提出有效改进措施。方法 采用方便抽样方法抽取在校学生,使用抑郁自评量表、焦虑自评量表进行问卷调查。用logistic回归方法探究影响心理健康的危险因素。结果 7 277名被调查学生中抑郁情绪和焦虑情绪检出率分别为37.4%、19.0%。性别、本科学历、民族、低收入家庭和有留守、家庭暴力、创伤经历学生是疫情期间抑郁情绪的影响因素(OR=0.783、1.336、0.732、1.344、1.136、2.326、1.573,均P<0.05);性别、民族、医学专业、低收入家庭和有留守、家庭暴力、创伤经历学生是疫情期间焦虑情绪的影响因素(OR=0.758、0.803、1.160、1.277、1.158、2.210、2.229,均P<0.05)。结论 新冠感染疫情期间高校学生焦虑和抑郁评分及检出率较高,建议针对重点学生可针对性采取心理健康知识培训、团体辅导等防控措施,建立“社会-家庭-学校”综合心理健康教育及干预模式。

Objective To explore the mental health status and its influencing factors among students in universities during the period of normalized management of the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic,and to put forward effective improvement measures.Methods Convenience sampling method was used to select college students,and Self-Rating Depression Scale and Self-Rating Anxiety Scale were used for a questionnaire survey.Logistic regression was employed to explore the risk factors affecting mental health.Results The detection rates of depression and anxiety among 7,277 investigated students were 37.4% and 19.0% respectively.Gender,undergraduate education,ethnic group,low-income families and students with left behind,domestic violence and trauma experience were the factors affecting depression during the epidemic period(OR=0.783,OR=1.336,OR=0.732,OR=1.344,OR=1.136,OR=2.326,OR=1.573,all P<0.05).Gender,ethnic group,medical major,low-income families and students with left behind,domestic violence and trauma experience were the factors influencing anxiety during the epidemic period(OR=0.758,OR=0.803,OR=1.160,OR=1.277,OR=1.158,OR=2.210,OR=2.229,all P<0.05).Conclusion The scores and detection rates of anxiety and depression in the college students during the period of the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic were all higher.It is suggested that we should take targeted prevention and control measures such as mental health knowledge training and group counseling for key students and establish a "society-family-school" comprehensive mental health education and intervention mode.