张北风电场雷击风机光电同步观测

Simultaneous Photoelectric Observations of Natural Lightning Stroke on Wind Turbines in Zhangbei Wind Farm

开展风电场自然雷击多参量同步观测,获取雷击风机发展连接过程的光学、电磁场同步数据,对于深入分析风电场风机雷击特征规律、深化风机雷击物理过程的认识和风机的雷电防护都具有重要科学意义。因此,利用高速相机和磁场测量系统获得了张北风电场雷击风机自然观测数据。基于磁场、光学和雷电定位系统数据分析可知,张北风电场内雷击风机的闪电表现出多回击特征,平均回击次数为8次。回击时间间隔的算术平均值和几何平均值分别为63.38 ms和45.06 ms。高速相机记录了一次含11次回击的完整过程,在11次回击中有3次回击伴随有持续时间大于10 ms的短连续电流过程,有2次回击伴随有持续时间在3~10 ms之间的极短连续电流过程。回击电流幅值为3.8~62.9 kA之间,电流峰值的中位值为19.2 kA。磁场波形表现为微秒级的快速变化,磁场的10%~90%的上升时间处于0.6~2.2 μs区间,算术平均值和几何平均值分别为1.1 μs和1.0 μs。半峰宽度处于1.2~6.3 μs之间,算术平均值和几何平均值分别为3.4 μs和3.3 μs。回击的磁场峰值和回击峰值电流之间呈明显的线性关系。

It is of great scientific significance to carry out multi-parameter synchronous observation of natural lightning strike in wind power plant and obtain optical and electromagnetic synchronous data of lightning strike fan development and connection process,and to deepen the understanding of lightning strike physical process and lightning protection of wind power fans.In this paper,the natural observation data of lightning strikes in Zhangbei wind power plant were obtained by using a high-speed camera and magnetic field measurement system.The magnetic field data,the optical images,and the lightning locating system data showed that the lightning striking the wind turbines within the Zhangbei wind farm exhibited a large number of return strokes,with an average of 8.The arithmetic and geometric averages of all return stroke intervals were 63.38 ms and 45.06 ms,respectively,and the distance between the strike point and the observation point was between 7 and 9 km.The high-speed camera recorded the complete course of the 11 return strokes(RSs).It was shown that 3 of the 11 RSs were accompanied by short continuing currents of greater than 10 ms in duration and 2 RSs were accompanied by very short continuing currents of between 3 and 10 ms in duration.The magnetic field waveforms exhibited rapid changes in the order of microseconds and were similar in shape for all returns.The 10%~90%rise time of the magnetic field ranged from 0.6μs to 2.2μs,with arithmetic and geometric averages of 1.1μs and 1.0μs.The half-peak widths ranged from 1.2μs to 6.3μs,with arithmetic and geometric averages of 3.4μs and 3.3μs,respectively.There was a clear linear relationship between the peak value of magnetic field and the peak current of the RS.