柔性失效卫星能量耗散与运动演化特性研究

Energy Dissipation and Motion Evolution Characteristics of Flexible Failure Satellites

随着各国航天活动的不断频繁,在轨失效卫星数量不断增长,为合理规划失效卫星的抢救与维修任务,尽快恢复失效卫星功能,需分析失效卫星的运动演化规律.但目前卫星上往往携带有各类柔性附件,其弹性振动与卫星的姿轨运动存在耦合,在运动演化过程中会不断耗散卫星能量,使卫星运动演化特性与传统刚体卫星不同.本文针对携带柔性附件的失效卫星,建立了适用于长期运动演化分析的姿态-振动耦合动力学模型,研究了卫星能量耗散与运动演化趋势之间的关系,并分析了能量耗散速率的影响因素.结果表明卫星初始角速度、柔性附件的安装位置、结构与材料特性对能量耗散速率影响较大,而柔性附件的初始振动状态对能量耗散速率的影响较小.

With the development of space activities in various countries,the number of on-orbit failed satellites keeps increasing.To restore the fail satellites as soon as possible,it is necessary to analyze the motion evolution of failed satellites and plan rescue and maintenance tasks both ground-based and space-based reasonably.However,satellites often carry various types of flexible attachments,and the elastic vibrations of attachments are coupled with the satellite’s attitude and orbital motion.Satellite’s mechanical energy is continuously dissipated since the attachments’vibration,leading to unique motion evolution characteristics of these satellites from rigid ones.The attitudevibration coupling dynamic model of failed satellites carrying flexible attachments is established to analyze the longterm motion evolution convincingly.And the relationship between the energy dissipation and the motion evolution trends is also analyzed.The results show that the initial angular velocity of the satellite,the installation state of flexible attachments,and the structural and material characteristics have a significant impact on the energy dissipation rate,while the initial vibration state of flexible attachments has a small impact on the energy dissipation rate.