《九宫正始》所收【番鼓儿】曲牌格律研究

Study on the Rhythm Modes of[FanGu'er]Tune Collected in Corrected Southern Melodies in Nine Modes

《汇纂元谱南曲九宫正始》仙吕宫过曲收录【番鼓儿】曲牌四支,分别出自元传奇《杀狗记》《刘智远》《拜月亭》与《瓦窑记》。文章通过对此四支曲牌曲文格律的研究发现:元代的【番鼓儿】曲牌已呈现叠首句、叠次句与不作叠三种形态,曲首是否作叠,成为曲牌句式之最显著特征。尽管每曲之形态皆有不同,但自曲文中部至曲末,【番鼓儿】四曲皆保持高度统一。至明清时期,【番鼓儿】曲牌中叠首句的句式特征逐渐成为曲牌之主流形态,而元代的叠次句与不作叠两种形态并未广泛留存。

The Corrected Southern Melodies in Nine Modes collects four tune titles of[Fan Gu'er]under the list of[Xianlv Mode],which are respectively from four Yuan dramas:Killing a Dog,White Rabbit,Moon Prayer Pavilion and Shabby Cave.Through a careful study of the content and rhythm of the four tunes,this article finds early in the Yuan Dynasty,the[Fan Gu'er]tune has presented itself in three different forms,namely,repeating the head sentence,repeating the second sentence and void of repeating.Whether or not the head sentence repeats has became the most significant feature of the tune syntax.Although the form of each tune is unique,the four tunes of[Fan Gu'er],from the middle to the end of the song,still retains a high degree of unity.Later during the Ming and Qing Dynasties,repeating the head sentence has gradually tuned into the mainstream rhyming form of[Fan Gu'er]tune,whereas neither repeating the second sentence nor void of repeating in the Yuan Dynasty survived widely.