基于燃料电池船舶混合电力推进系统的功率追踪控制策略

Power Following Energy Management Strategy for Hybrid Electric Propulsion System Based on Fuel Cell Ship

为提升混合电力推进船舶的续航能力,针对小型船舶巡航负荷的特点,组建以锂电池为动力源、燃料电池为增程单元的混合电力推进系统。选取典型船舶确定试验平台运行工况,设计与其相匹配的增程式燃料电池混合动力系统,并搭建质子交换膜燃料电池与锂电池混合电力推进系统的试验台架。以适配巡航工况为目的,基于锂电池荷电状态(SOC)调节功率追踪,获取燃料电池与锂电池间的能量分配策略。研究结果表明,该功率追踪控制策略能实现母线功率输出与模拟船舶工况间的适配。当将锂电池作为主要动力源时,系统发电单元的转换效率可维持在85%左右;当将燃料电池作为主要动力源时,系统发电单元的转换效率仅维持在75%左右。由此说明,以锂电池为动力源、燃料电池为增程单元的混合电力推进系统的设计是合理的。

In order to enhance the endurance of hybrid electric propulsion ships,a hybrid electric propulsion system with lithium batteries as the power source and fuel cells as the extended range unit is established based on the characteristics of cruise loads on small ships.The typical ship selected is used to determine the operating condition of the test platform,and a matching hybrid power system is designed.An experimental bench for the hybrid electric propulsion system of fuel cells and lithium battery is built.The power following energy management strategy is adjusted based on the sate of charge(SOC)of lithium battery to achieve the energy allocation strategy between fuel cell and lithium battery.The results show that the power following energy management strategy can adjust the power distribution between fuel cell and lithium battery by adapting bus power transmission to simulated ship operation conditions.When the lithium battery is the main power,the conversion efficiency of the power unit can be maintained at about 85%.When fuel cells is the main power source,the conversion efficiency of the power unit can be maintained at about 75%.This demonstrates the reasonability of fuel cells as range-extended power for the hybrid propulsion system.