应用型高校教师队伍生态化发展的困境与对策

Ecological Development of Teachers in Application-oriented Universities:Plights and Countermeasures

应用型高校是高等教育生态系统的重要组成部分,师资队伍的生态化构成是影响应用型高校微观生态环境的最重要因子。由于受多年来国内教育生态环境的影响,应用型高校师资队伍面临教育方针政策的“应用型”规定不明确、教师发展理念的“应用型”特色不明显、实践教育理念的“应用型”特色不明显、师资生态结构的“应用型”特色不合理、教师评价机制的“应用型”特色不明显等因素的制约。为此,应用型高校需要从树立教育生态意识,化解教育生态危机;适时转变教师理念,调整教师培养方向;完善实践教学体系,强化实践教育理念;加强技能师资培养,完善师资生态结构;优化评价方法设计,完善教师评价机制等五个方面进行路径优化。

Application-oriented university is an important part of higher education ecosystem,and the ecological composition of teaching staff is the most important factor affecting the micro ecology of application-oriented universities.Under the long-term influence of the domestic educational ecology,the teaching staff of application-oriented colleges and universities are trapped in plights.Educational policies do not have definite regulations for the“application orientation”.The features of“application orientation”are not outstanding in the concept of teacher development,the concept of practical education,the ecological structure of teachers,and teacher evaluation mechanism.All of the above factors restrain the development of application-oriented schools.Therefore,application-oriented colleges and universities need to set up the consciousness of educational ecology,adjust the direction of teacher training,improve the practical teaching system,strengthen the training of teachers of practical skills,and optimize the system of teacher evaluation.