我国精神病抗辩制度的适用、反思与完善

The Application,Reflection and Consummation of Mental Illness Defense System in China

作为保护精神病犯罪人之法律权利的一种制度,我国精神病抗辩制度起步较晚,且发展至今还暴露出“精神病”概念不清、精神病司法鉴定困难、精神病难以证明、对精神病犯罪人的处置缺位等问题。鉴此,有必要梳理该制度在我国当下实践中的运行情况,在反思现存问题的基础上探索对之完善的路径:明确“精神病”等相关概念;改进鉴定程序及审理模式;落实和完善强制医疗程序。

As a system for the protection of the legal rights of the perpetrators of mental illness,the defense sys⁃tem of mental illness started relatively late in China,and so far its development has exposed some problems such as the unclear concept of"mental illness",the difficulty of forensic identification of mental illness,the difficulty of prov⁃ing mental illness and the absence of disposal of the perpetrators of mental illness.In view of this,it is necessary to sort out the operation of the system in the current practice in China and explore ways to improve it on the basis of re⁃flecting on the existing problems:clearing the related concepts such as"mental illness";improving appraisal proce⁃dures and trial models;and implementing and improving compulsory medical procedures.