肝硬化患者营养评价及饮食管理研究进展

Nutrition assessment and diet management in patients with liver cirrhosis

目的多数肝硬化患者存在一定程度的营养不良,主要以蛋白质-热量营养不良为主。同时,由于肝硬化患者存在门静脉高压,导致胃肠道淤血水肿、腹水、肠道细菌过度生长、消化道出血、继发性感染等并发症,上述多种因素使得营养物质的摄入减少、吸收障碍、丢失过多,导致代谢紊乱加重,增加发生并发症和死亡风险。因而,在治疗肝硬化的过程中,营养支持占据重要的地位。本文主要阐述肝硬化患者的营养评价和饮食管理研究进展。

Objective Most patients with liver cirrhosis(LC)have a certain degree of malnutrition,mainly protein-calorie malnutrition.The portal hypertension in patients with LC can lead to gastrointestinal congestion and edema,ascites,overgrowth of intestinal bacteria,gastrointestinal bleeding,secondary infections,and other complications,resulting in reduced intake,absorption disorders and excessive loss of nutrients.It can also lead to metabolic disorders,with increased incidence of complications and risk of death.Therefore,nutritional support should be take into consideration during the treatment of patients with LC.In this article,we mainly focuses on the nutritional evaluation and diet management for them.