纤维源组成对浙东白鹅生长性能和消化功能的影响

Effects of fiber source in diet on growth performance and digestive function of white Zhedong geese

为探讨稻壳和麦麸作为饲粮纤维源养殖浙东白鹅的效果及适当比例,将180只28日龄浙东白鹅随机分为3组,分别饲喂稻壳与麦麸添加比例为(5∶9)、(5∶1)和100%稻壳的饲粮,并测定各组生长性能、消化器官质量与消化酶活性、食糜pH以及饲粮营养成分的表观消化率。结果显示:当饲粮中稻壳与麦麸添加比例由(5∶9)增加至100%稻壳时,浙东白鹅的体质量与料重比均显著增加;肌胃和胰腺的质量有增加趋势,肌胃食糜pH有降低趋势,但处理间差异均不显著;胰腺中碱性磷酸酶活性显著降低,胆碱酯酶活性显著升高。当稻壳与麦麸添加比例增加至(5∶1)时,浙东白鹅苏氨酸、赖氨酸和组氨酸等必需氨基酸以及总磷的表观利用率显著降低。综上,4—8周龄浙东白鹅饲粮中稻壳与麦麸的添加比例为(5∶1)—100%稻壳时,其生产性能与经济效益综合效果最佳。

To investigate the effects of rice husk and wheat bran as fiber sources and determine the appropriate proportions for geese,a total of 180 white Zhedong geese aged 28 days were randomly divided into three groups.The geese were fed diets containing different proportions of rice husk and wheat bran:(5∶9),(5∶1),and 100%rice husk.The study measured the growth performance,digestive organ weight,chime pH value,digestive enzyme activity,and apparent digestibility of geese in each group.The results indicated that increasing the proportions of rice husk and wheat bran in the diet from(5∶9)to 100%rice husk led to a significant increase in the weight to feed ratio.The weight of muscle,stomach,and pancreas showed an increasing tendency,while the pH value of muscle and stomach showed a slightly decreasing tendency.Alkaline phosphatase activity decreased significantly,while cholinesterase activity increased significantly.When the proportions of rice husk and wheat bran in the diet reached a ratio of 5∶1,the apparent digestibility of essential amino acids such as threonine,lysine,and histidine,as well as total phosphorus,decreased significantly.However,the other essential amino acids did not show significant changes.Overall,the best results in white Zhedong geese aged 4—8 weeks old were obtained when the diet consisted of a ratio of 5∶1 between rice husk and wheat bran,with rice husk accounting for 100%.