从“观”到“体系”:马克思《资本论》“体系观”的出场逻辑

From“View”to“System”:The Appearance Logic of Marx’s“Systemic View”in Capital

深度溯源构建21世纪马克思主义、当代中国马克思主义“体系观”的思想根基具有重大意义。中国学界肩负党的二十大报告强调指出的要“开辟马克思主义中国化时代化新境界”,“加快构建中国特色哲学社会科学的学科体系、学术体系和话语体系”的重大使命,需要前提反思,即“重回马克思”为确立新时代中国化马克思主义“体系观”思想溯源。为此,其一,需要聚焦《资本论》这一典范文本,考察当年马克思追寻政治经济学批判逻辑发动哲学革命提出历史唯物主义所开启的关于反思“观”与“体系”关系的“马克思之问”。其二,需要深度反思和考察马克思如何通过政治经济学批判路径开启从“观”到“体系”建构的历程,以及马克思政治经济学批判中“大写的逻辑”内蕴的“体系观”和建构原则。其三,深度理解从当年马克思到当代中国马克思主义“体系观”的与时俱进,以及关于中国特色哲学社会科学自主知识体系的建构原则与出场逻辑。

It is of great significance to delve deeply into the ideological foundation of the“system view”of the 21st century’s Marxism and contemporary Chinese Marxism.The report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China on behalf of the Chinese academic community stresses the need to“open up a new field of sinicization and modernization of Marxism”.It is necessary to reflect on the premise that“returning to Marx”is the source of establishing the“systemic view”of Marxism with Chinese characteristics in the new era.Therefore,first of all,this paper focuses on the classic text of Capital and examines Marx’s pursuit of the critical logic of political economy,launching a philosophical revolution and putting forward historical materialism,which opened up the“Marxian question”of reflecting on the relationship between“view”and“system”.Second,we need to deeply reflect and study how Marx began the process of constructing from“view”to“system”through the critical path of political economy,as well as the“systemic view”and construction principles inherent in the“capitalized logic”in Marx’s political economy criticism.Third,a deep understanding of the progress of the“systemic view”of Marxism from Marx’s time to contemporary China,as well as the construction principles and appearance logic of the independent knowledge system of philosophy and social sciences with Chinese characteristics.