人工智能技术应用与劳动就业质量

Application of Artificial Intelligence Technology and Employment Quality of Labors

前沿文献关注人工智能技术应用的就业更替效应,却普遍忽视人工智能技术会如何影响就业质量,尤其缺乏从微观个体视角探讨就业稳定性问题及其背后成因。基于此,研究运用中国劳动力动态调查微观数据库,在多维度量化就业质量的基础上,检验人工智能技术对劳动力就业质量的可能性影响,以及不同技能水平与不同家庭收入约束条件在背后所扮演的角色。结果表明:人工智能技术会显著降低劳动力的就业质量,稳健性检验和处理内生性问题后结论仍然成立。同时,人工智能技术会通过劳动力职业更替与优化产业结构方式,降低劳动力的就业质量,而低技能水平和家庭收入劳动力的就业更易受到冲击。

The frontier literature focuses on the employment substitution effect of AI technology applications,but generally ignores how AI technology affects employment quality,especially lacking a micro-individual perspective to explore employment stability and its underlying causes.Based on this,this paper uses the China Labor-force Dynamics Survey to test the possible impact of AI technology on the employment quality of workers and the role of constraints such as skill level and household income based on a multidimensional quantification of employment quality.The results show that AI technology significantly reduces the employment quality of workers,and the conclusion still holds after conducting various robustness tests and considering the endogenous problem.AI technology reduces employment quality through job creation and replacement and industrial structure optimization.AI technology has a more significant impact on the employment quality of low-skilled workers and low-income families.