控制核电厂多个系统不可用时的叠加风险的研究

Study on Controlling the Safety Risk of Simultaneous Unavailability of Multiple Systems in Nuclear Power Plant

本文的目的是基于核电厂可用的资源,建立一套控制核电厂的多个系统不可用时的叠加风险的方法。主要方法是研究现有的几种控制叠加风险的手段,比较各自的优点、缺点和所需资源,最后以确定论为基础,以概率论的方法为补充,建立一套现实可行的方法。该方法基于核电厂设计,在技术规格书管理的系统和功能范围内建立支持-被支持系统关系矩阵。建立合理的安全功能鉴定流程,基于支持-被支持关系矩阵开展安全功能鉴定,以确保任何安全功能的丧失都能被监测到。根据安全功能丧失的情况,采取最合适的措施来限制叠加风险。设定最长允许停役时间,以避免不可用系统的修复时间不合适的延长。对冗余系统或部件补充安排试验或维修,避免重大风险配置的发生。

The purpose of this paper is to establish a set of method to control the safety risk of simultaneous unavailability of multiple systems in nuclear power plant based on available resources.The main method is to study several existing means of controlling simultaneous risk,compare their advantages,disadvantages and required resources,and finally establish a set of practical and feasible methods based on determinism and supplemented by probability theory.This method is based on the design of nuclear power plant and establishes the relationship matrix of the supporting and supported systems within the system and function scope of technical specification management.A reasonable safety function determination process is established,and the safety function determination based on the relationship matrix of the supporting and supported systems is carried out to ensure that any loss of the safety function can be monitored.According to the loss of the safety function,the most appropriate actions shall be taken to limit the simultaneous risk.The maximum allowed outage time is set to avoid inappropriate extension of the repair time for the unavailable system.Tests or maintenance shall be supplemented for redundant systems or components to avoid the occurrence of the risk-significant configuration.