短时身体活动对儿童认知功能影响的系统综述

Effect of acute physical activity on cognitive function in children:a systematic review

目的 基于《国际功能、残疾和健康分类》(ICF)系统评价身体活动对儿童认知功能的影响。方法 构建PICO架构,检索Web of Science、PubMed、ProQuest和中国知网有关短时身体活动对儿童认知的试验研究,检索期限为收录至2023年6月1日。采用物理治疗证据数据库(PEDro)量表对纳入的文献进行方法质量学评价。结果 纳入文献10篇,分别来自6个国家,共计550例被试。纳入的研究中包括健康和注意缺陷多动障碍两类儿童。身体活动涉及跑步、骑车、跳高、跳绳和足球等方式,身体活动的类型为短时身体运动,时间为12~30 min,强度多采用中等强度。健康结局集中于认知方面。结论 基于ICF构建了身体活动对儿童认知功能效益的理论架构。短时身体活动能够缩短反应时,改善执行功能的各个子成分,提高选择注意,巩固长时记忆。

Objective To evaluate the effects of physical activity on children's cognitive function based on International Classification of Functioning,Disability and Health(ICF).Methods The PICO framework was constructed.Trials on the effects of physical activity on children's cognition were searched in Web of Science,PubMed,ProQuest and CNKI from inception to June 1st,2023.The included literature was evaluated for methodological quality using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database(PEDro) scale.Results Ten papers from six countries with a total of 550 subjects were involved,including both healthy children and children with attention deficit and hyperactivity disorders.Physical activity involved running,cycling,high jumping,jumping rope and soccer,and the type of physical activity was acute aerobic exercise,ranging from twelve to 30 minutes,mostly at moderate intensity.Health outcomes were focused on cognitive aspects.Conclusion A theoretical framework for the benefits of physical activity on children's cognitive function has been constructed based on ICF.Acute physical activity shortens reaction time,improves various subcomponents of executive function,increases selective attention,and consolidates long-term memory.