健康中老年女性上下楼梯时下肢肌肉的表面肌电图表现

Surface electromyography of lower limb muscles in healthy middle-aged and old women during stair ascent and descent

目的 采用表面肌电图观察健康中老年女性上下楼梯时下肢肌肉的激活策略。方法 2021年8月至2022年2月,于西南医科大学附属医院招募健康中老年女性20例,采用表面肌电图仪测量上楼梯、下楼梯时,双侧股外侧肌、股直肌、股内侧肌、股二头肌、半腱肌的均方根值(RMS)和积分肌电值,计算共同收缩比。结果 上楼梯时,双侧股外侧肌、股直肌、股内侧肌启动阶段RMS均显著高于跟随阶段(|t|> 6.650,P <0.001),右侧股二头肌和双侧半腱肌RMS均明显低于跟随阶段(t> 3.559,P <0.01);启动阶段腘绳肌/股四头肌共同收缩比显著低于跟随阶段(t> 8.185,P <0.001)。下楼梯时,双侧股外侧肌、股内侧肌、股二头肌、半腱肌跟随阶段RMS高于启动阶段(t> 2.345,P <0.05),腘绳肌/股四头肌共同收缩比跟随阶段高于启动阶段(t> 2.405,P <0.05)。结论 健康中老年女性上下楼梯时双侧膝周肌肉的活动大致对称。不同活动阶段,股四头肌和腘绳肌的激活和共同收缩存在差异。

Objective To observe the lower limb muscle activation strategy of healthy middle-aged and old women during stair ascent and descent with surface electromyography.Methods From August,2021 to February,2022,20 healthy middle-aged and old women were measured the surface electromyography root mean square(RMS)and integrated electromyography(iEMG)of bilateral vastus lateral,rectus femoris,vastus medialis,biceps femoris and semitendinosus during stair ascent and descent,and co-contraction ratio was calculated.Results During stair ascent,the RMS of bilateral vastus lateral,rectus femoris and vastus medialis was higher at starting stage than at following stage(|t|>6.650,P<0.001),while the RMS of biceps femoris and semitendinosus was lower(t>3.559,P<0.01);and the co-contraction ratio of hamstrings/quadriceps was lower at starting stage than at following stage(t>8.185,P<0.001).During stair descent,the RMS of bilateral vastus lateral,vastus medialis,biceps femoris and semitendinosus was higher at following stage than at starting stage(t>2.345,P<0.05),as well as the co-contraction ratio of hamstrings/quadriceps(t>2.405,P<0.05).Conclusion The activities of the muscles around the knees are almost symmetrical during stair ascent and descent for healthy middle-aged and old women.The activation and co-contraction ratio of quadriceps and hamstring are various at starting/following stages.