低分子肝素对下肢创伤患者术后住院期间下肢深静脉血栓的预防作用

Preventive effect of low molecular weight heparin on lower extremity deep venous thrombosis in patients with lower extremity trauma during postoperative hospitalization

目的探讨低分子肝素对下肢创伤患者术后住院期间下肢深静脉血栓的预防作用。方法收集2019年6月至2022年6月于沧州市人民医院住院接受手术治疗的102例下肢创伤患者的临床资料,按照住院期间是否采用低分子肝素治疗分为治疗组(n=49)和对照组(n=53)。比较两组患者的手术相关指标,包括手术时间、麻醉方式、术中出血量。比较两组患者住院期间D-二聚体水平及下肢深静脉血栓发生情况。结果两组患者全身麻醉情况、手术时间、术中出血量比较,差异均无统计学意义(P﹥0.05)。术后,治疗组患者D-二聚体水平、D-二聚体水平升高(﹥0.5 mg/L)比例均低于对照组患者,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。治疗组患者下肢深静脉血栓发生率低于对照组患者,差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。两组患者均未发生其他明显出血事件。结论低分子肝素可有效降低下肢创伤患者术后住院期间发生下肢深静脉血栓的风险,值得临床推广。

Objective To investigate the preventive effect of low molecular weight heparin on lower extremity deep vein thrombosis in patients with lower extremity trauma during postoperative hospitalization.Method The clinical data of 102 patients with lower extremity trauma who were hospitalized in Cangzhou People's Hospital and underwent surgical treatment from June 2019 to June 2022 were collected,they were divided into treatment group(n=49)and control group(n=53)according to whether low molecular weight heparin was used during hospitalization.The operation-related indicators,including operation time,anesthesia method,and intraoperative blood loss of the two groups were compared.The D-dimer level and the occurrence of lower extremity deep vein thrombosis were compared between the two groups during hospitalization.Result There were no significant differences in general anesthesia,operation time,and intraoperative blood loss between the two groups(P>0.05).After the operation,the D-dimer level and the ratio of increased D-dimer level(>0.5 mg/L)in the treatment group were lower than those in the control group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The incidence of lower extremity deep vein thrombosis in the treatment group was lower than that in the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).There were no other significant bleeding events in the two groups of patients.Conclusion Low molecular weight heparin could effectively reduce the risk of lower extremity deep vein thrombosis during postoperative hospitalization in patients with lower extremity trauma,and it is worthy of clinical promotion.