5G蜂窝车联网(C-V2X)资源分配优化与性能评估

Resource allocation optimization and performance evaluation for 5G cellular vehicle-to-everything(C-V2X)

为改善蜂窝车联网(C-V2X)频谱利用效率,提出了一种针对系统下行吞吐量最大化、并保证车对车通讯(V2V)链路连接性的资源分配算法。定义蜂窝车联网信道模型,在最大发射功率、中断概率等约束条件下建立优化模型并对其进行分步求解,采用二分图最佳匹配(KM)算法动态调度信道资源,实现C-V2X通信系统中车辆到路边设施(V2I)下行链路与V2V链路之间动态分配网络资源,最后通过不同交通场景评估算法的优化性能。结果表明:本算法经7次迭代后进入稳态,在保证V2V链路连接性条件下实现了V2I链路资源的优化分配,下行链路频谱效率相较于贪心算法平均提升3.5%以上。

To improve the spectrum utilization efficiency of C-V2X(cellular vehicle to everything),a resource allocation algorithm was proposed to maximize system downlink throughput and ensure the connectivity of the V2V(vehicle to vehicle)communication.A channel model of cellular vehicle to everything was defined,the optimization model was established under the constraints of maximum transmission power,outage probability,etc.,and was solved step by step.The KM(Kuhn-Munkras)algorithm was used to dynamically schedule channel resources to realize the dynamic allocation of network resources between the V2I(vehicle to infrastructure)downlink and the V2V link in the C-V2X communication system.The optimization performance of the algorithm was evaluated through different traffic scenarios.The results show that the proposed algorithm enters a steady state after seven iterations,achieves the optimal allocation of V2I link resources while ensuring the connectivity of V2V links,and the downlink spectrum efficiency increased by an average of more than 3.5%compared to the greedy algorithm.