生态学视域下的乡村幼儿园环境创设模式探究——以广东潮州乡村幼儿园为例

On the Model of Environment Establishment in Rural Kindergartens from the Perspective of Ecology——Taking Rural Kindergartens in Chaozhou of Guangdong Province as an Example

幼儿园环境创设是幼儿教育的隐性课程和重要的教育资源,对幼儿的身心发展具有不可忽视的教育功能,应通过环境的创设和利用,有效地促进幼儿的发展。调查显示,当下乡村幼儿园环境创设呈现出片面性、单向性和割裂性。“纵横交错”的乡村幼儿园环境创设模式,结合了生态系统下的环境观所强调的“开放性”和幼儿园环境所突出的“多样性”“层次性”“有序性”与“整体性”,通过以一年中各重要时间节点为单位进行纵向设置、以各地“物产、风光、工艺、民俗、饮食、人文”等区域特色资源为单位进行横向设置,科学制定乡村幼儿园环境创设范例,为幼儿园环境创设提供针对性指导,助推经济欠发达地区学前教育事业的高质量发展。

The environment establishment of kindergartens is a hidden curriculum and an important educational resource for early childhood education,and has a non-negligible educational function for the physical and mental development of children,which should be effectively promoted through the establishment and utilization of the environment.The survey shows that the current environment establishment of rural kindergartens presents one-sidedness,unidirectionality,and fragmentation.The“criss-cross”model of environment establishment in rural kindergartens combines the“openness” emphasized by the environmental concept under the ecosystem with the characteristics of “diversity”,“hierarchy”,“orderliness”,and“wholeness”highlighted by the kindergarten environment.It is imperative to establish the environment vertically at important time points of the year and horizontally at resources with regional characteristics such as “products,scenery,crafts,folk customs,food,and culture”,so as to scientifically set examples of environment establishment in rural kindergartens,provide targeted guidance of environmental establishment for kindergartens,and promote the high-quality development of preschool education in economically underdeveloped areas.