酪氨酸酶小分子荧光探针研究进展

Advances in small molecule fluorescence probes for tyrosinase

酪氨酸酶是黑色素在生物体内合成的关键因素,除了被认为是皮肤黑色素瘤特异性标志物以外,其活性异常还会导致黑色素代谢失衡,从而引起癫痫、白癜风等疾病,因此发展能够特异性检测内源性酪氨酸酶的成像工具具有重要意义。迄今为止,用于检测活细胞和组织中酪氨酸酶的荧光分子探针取得了巨大进展,由于其可以监测并直观成像活细胞中酶的异常水平,因此有望为疾病诊疗提供可靠的工具。该综述着重介绍了有机小分子荧光探针用于检测内源性酪氨酸酶活性的研究进展,其中包括探针的一般设计策略和体内外酪氨酸酶检测成像的分析应用。

Tyrosinase is a key factor in the synthesis of melanin in living organisms,it is considered a specific biomarker for cutaneous melanoma,its abnormalactivity can lead to imbalances in melanin metabolism,which can cause diseases such as epilepsy and vitiligo.Therefore,it is important to develop imaging tools for specifically detecting endogenous tyrosinase.To date,great progress has been made in fluorescent molecular probes for the detection of tyrosinase in living cells and tissues,which provide a very reliable tool for diagnosis and treatment because they can monitor and visually image abnormal levels of the enzyme in living cells.This review highlights the progress of research on organic small molecule fluorescent probes for the detection of endogenous tyrosinase activity,including general probe design strategies and applications for ex vivo and ex vivo imaging analysis of tyrosinase detection.