风电机组惯量响应与一次调频能力研究

Research for Inertia Response and Primary Frequency Regulation Ability of Wind Turbine

[目的]风电大规模接入电网给电网运行的稳定性尤其频率稳定带来极大挑战。为改善大规模风电接入电网导致的调频能力不足,提升风电并网频率适应性能力,风电机组亟须具备调频功能及响应及时性。[方法]文章采用基于转子动能和桨距角备用的调频系统方案,在电网频率变化时可快速精确地为电网提供有功支撑。首先,在对惯量响应和一次调频算法逻辑进行理论分析的基础上,进行主控算法设计;然后,在联合仿真平台进行功能性验证;最后,在某项目进行实测。[结果]仿真和测试结果表明:基于转子动能和桨距角备用的调频系统方案可应对多种电网频率变化,快速提供有功支撑。[结论]风电机组的调频系统方案可在多种频率变化工况下进行快速地惯量响应(响应时间小于500 ms)和一次调频响应(响应时间小于5 s),并为电网提供稳定的有功支撑,有助于辅助电网频率恢复,有效提升风电机组的频率适应性。

[Introduction]Large-scale connection of wind power to the power grid poses great challenges to the stability(especially frequency stability)of grid operation.In order to solve the problem of inadequate frequency regulation capability caused by large-scale connection of wind power to the power grid and improve the frequency adaptability of wind power grid connection,wind turbines need to have frequency regulation function and response timeliness.[Method]This paper adopted a frequency regulation system scheme based on rotor kinetic energy and pitch angle reserve,which could provide active support for the power grid quickly and accurately during the power grid frequency change.Firstly,the main control algorithm was designed based on the theoretical analysis of inertia response and primary frequency regulation algorithm logic.Then,the functional verification was carried out on the co-simulation platform.Finally,the actual test was carried out in a project.[Result]The simulation and test results showed that the frequency regulation system scheme based on rotor kinetic energy and pitch angle reserve could cope with a variety of grid frequency changes and quickly provided active support.[Conclusion]The frequency regulation system scheme of wind turbines can perform a fast inertia response(with the response time less than 500 ms)and primary frequency regulation response(with the response time less than 5 s)under various frequency change conditions and provide active support for the power grid,which can help recover the grid frequency and effectively improve the frequency adaptability of wind turbines.