面向友好接入含氢能系统海上风电场台风期间的协同控制方法

Collaborative Control Method for Offshore Wind Farms with Friendly Access to Hydrogen Energy Systems During Typhoons

[目的]随着双碳目标的稳步推进,越来越多的分布式可再生能源接入电网。其中,在经济发达、沿海电力负荷大的地区大力开发海上风力发电已成为国内外学者广泛关注的热点。然而,风力发电固有的间歇性,特别是台风期间海上风电场与主网主动断开时,会对受端电网造成不利影响。[方法]为了实现台风期间海上风电友好接入,考虑到氢储能具有储存效率高、排放低和应用广泛等优点,文章提出了一种海上风电场与氢能管理系统(Hydrogen Management System,HMS)之间的协同控制方法,一方面,台风临近时期,可在正常运行下最大限度地利用风能发电;另一方面,台风过境,海上风电逐步脱网时氢能系统释放电能以缓解风电场的有功骤降,弥补传统发电机组启用存在爬坡率等问题,以减小其对受端电网的不利影响,有效平移海上风电输出的波动性。文章首先详细介绍了海上风电场与氢能系统的物理建模方法及控制模型,并说明了台风期间二者之间的协同控制策略。[结果]最后,通过仿真验证,所提方法可使海上风电场能够更灵活、更友好地满足台风期间的并网运行。此外,氢储能系统可在正常运行下最大限度地利用风能发电。[结论]在台风期间,可通过控制氢能系统释放电能以弥补传统发电机组启用存在爬坡率等问题,以减小其对受端电网的不利影响。

[Introduction]With the steady progress of the carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals,more and more distributed renewable energy is connected to the power grid.Among them,in economically developed coastal areas with heavy power load,vigorously developing offshore wind power has become a hot point of wide concern for scholars at home and abroad.However,the inherent intermittency of wind power generation,especially when the offshore wind farm is actively disconnected from the main grid during typhoons,can adversely affect the receiving-end grid.[Method]In order to realize the friendly access of offshore wind power during typhoon,considering the advantages of hydrogen energy storage such as high storage efficiency,low emission and wide application,this paper proposed a collaborative control method between offshore wind farm and hydrogen management system(HMS).On the one hand,during the period of typhoon approaching,this method could maximize the use of wind energy for power generation under normal operation.On the other hand,when the typhoon passed through and the offshore wind farm was gradually disconnected from the grid,the hydrogen energy system released electric energy to alleviate the active power drop of the wind farm and solve the problems such as the ramp rate in the operation of the traditional wind turbine generator systems,so as to reduce its adverse impact on the receiving-end grid and effectively smooth the volatility of the offshore wind power output.This paper firstly introduced the physical modeling method and control model of offshore wind farm and hydrogen energy system in detail,and explained the collaborative control strategy between them according to the typhoon period.[Result]Finally,simulation results show that the proposed method enables the offshore wind farms to be more flexible and friendly to meet the grid-connected operation during typhoons.In addition,the hydrogen energy storage system can maximize the use of wind energy for power generation under normal operation.[Conclusion]Control the hydrogen energy system to release electric energy during typhoons can solve the problems such as the ramp rate of the traditional wind turbine generator systems,so as to reduce its adverse impact on the receiving-end grid.