武装无人机袭击对全球冲突的影响

The impact of armed drone strikes on global conflicts

近年来,大量国家和非国家行为体通过部署武装无人机进行各类军事行动,武装无人机的扩散对国际安全产生越来越严重的影响。根据乌普萨拉冲突数据项目-地理参考事件数据集提供的数据,2001─2021年,全球共发生1983起武装无人机冲突,造成近1.5万人死亡,其中美国参与1466起并导致超过1.1万人死亡。因此,研究全球武装无人机袭击历史与现状、美国军用武装无人机政策与使用情况及2001─2021年全球武装无人机袭击造成的死亡数据具有重要的现实意义。全球武装无人机袭击通过影响非对称作战方式、非国家行为体的参与及作战规则,其袭击分布的范围将可能不断扩大,从而对全球冲突造成更为严重的安全后果。

The proliferation of armed drones,deployed by a large number of state and non-state actors,to conduct various types of military operations in recent years has had an increasingly serious impact on international security.According to the latest Georeferenced Event Dataset of the Uppsala Conflict Data Program(UCDP),there were 1983 armed drone conflicts worldwide from 2001 to 2021,resulting in nearly 15000 deaths.The United States was involved in 1466 of them and caused over 11000 deaths.The study on the history and current status of global armed drone attacks,the policy and use of U.S.military armed drones,and the data on fatalities resulting from global armed drone attacks from 2001 to 2021,is of great significance.By influencing asymmetric modes of warfare,the involvement of non-state actors,and rules of engagement,the distribution of global armed drone attacks will likely continue to expand,creating more serious security consequences for global conflicts that require urgent attention.