被武器化的虚假信息:深度伪造与舆论战

Weaponised disinformation:Deepfake&public opinion warfare

由深度伪造生成的虚假信息欺骗性、危害性强,这类虚假信息的传播给国家安全带来潜在的严重危害。概述深度伪造的概念和应用类型,分析其对国家安全和公共信任带来的风险,提出须警惕所谓“技术中性”论调,对西方掌控优势且对全球治理产生重大影响力的技术提前布控,做好谋划,同时制定科技伦理和相应法律规制,避免其成为危害国家安全的武器。例如:加快反深伪检测技术的更新迭代,实施政府、民间企业、社交平台跨部门合作;解构西方话语陷阱,洞察虚假信息背后的战略意图,掌握议程设置主动权,加强国际舆论引导;推进培育新媒体素养,提升对深度伪造信息的辨识能力。

Deepfake is typically weaponised in information warfare and public opinion warfare by cyber hegemons to target other countries,and their proliferation has exceeded the traditional scope of the governance of false information.The concept and features of Deepfake,and their types and applications based on different classification methods are introduced,and the risks and challenges they pose to political security are analyzed.In response to Deepfake technology,it is recommended that the“technology-neutrality”argument should be wary of.Efforts should be made to pre-deploy and control technologies with a major impact on global governance that the West has an upper hand in,and develop robust plans to prevent these technologies from becoming weaponised to compromise national security,commit economic crimes and cyberbullying,and manipulate public opinion and audience perception.The upgrade and iteration of anti-Deepfake detection technology,carrying out cross-departmental collaboration among the government,private enterprises,and social media platforms should be accelerated.The trap of Western discourse must be deconstructed to gain insight into the strategic intentions behind disinformation campaigns,in order to set the agenda actively,and strengthen the guidance of international public opinion.The promotion of new media literacy can also play a role in improving the ability and developing new technologies to discern information.