不同吸痰方式在脑出血呼吸机辅助通气患者中的应用价值观察

Observation on Application Value of Different Sputum Suction Methods on Patients with Cerebral Hemorrhage Undergoing Ventilator-assisted Ventilation

目的:观察分析不同吸痰方式在脑出血呼吸机辅助通气患者中的应用价值。方法:选取2019年2月—2021年2月驻马店市中心医院收治的96例脑出血呼吸机辅助通气患者作为研究对象,采用随机数表法将患者分为对照组和观察组,每组各48例。对照组采用开放式吸痰,观察组采用密闭式吸痰。观察对比两组患者血氧饱和度(SpO_(2))及颅内压(ICP)指标变化,血压、心率、潮气量及气道峰压水平的变化,不良事件发生率,肺部感染发生情况。结果:吸痰后,观察组SpO_(2)指标高于对照组,ICP指标低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=4.479、3.508,P<0.05)。吸痰后,观察组血压、心率均低于对照组,潮气量及气道峰压值均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=2.101、7.533、3.866、8.072,P<0.05)。观察组不良事件发生率明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=6.077,P<0.05)。观察组肺部感染发生率为2.08%,明显低于对照组的12.50%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=3.852,P<0.05)。结论:与开放式吸痰相比,密闭式吸痰在脑出血呼吸机辅助通气患者中应用能够稳定血氧水平,减少对脑代谢的影响,降低不良事件发生率,减少患者肺部感染发生风险。

Objective:To observe and analyze the application value of different sputum suction methods on patients with cerebral hemorrhage undergoing ventilator-assisted ventilation.Methods:A total of 96 patients with cerebral hemorrhage admitted to the hospital with ventilator-assisted ventilation from February 2019 to February 2021 were selected as study subjects,and the patients were divided into control group and observation group using the random number table method,with 48 cases in each group.Open aspiration was used in the control group,and closed aspiration was used in the observation group.The changes in oxygen saturation(SpO_(2))and intracranial pressure(ICP)indexes,changes in blood pressure,heart rate,tidal volume and peak airway pressure levels,the incidence of adverse events,and the occurrence of pulmonary infections were observed and compared between the two groups.Results:After aspiration,the SpO_(2) index of the observation group was higher than that of the control group,and the ICP index was lower than that of the control group,with statistically significant differences(t=4.479,3.508,P<0.05).After aspiration,blood pressure and heart rate in the observation group were lower than those in the control group,and tidal volume and peak airway pressure were higher than those in the control group,with statistically significant differences(t=2.101,7.533,3.866,8.072,P<0.05).The incidence of adverse events in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=6.077,P<0.05).The incidence of pulmonary infection in the observation group was 2.08%,which was significantly lower than that of 12.50%in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=3.852,P<0.05).Conclusion:Compared with open suctioning,closed suctioning in patients with cerebral hemorrhage on ventilator-assisted ventilation can stabilize blood oxygen levels,reduce the impact on cerebral metabolism,decrease the occurrence of adverse events,and reduce the risk of pulmonary infections in patients.