大气环境监测卫星激光雷达技术

Lidar Technology for Atmosphere Environment Monitoring Satellite

星载激光雷达是高精度测量全球大气CO_(2)柱浓度和气溶胶垂直廓线的重要手段,大气环境监测卫星大气探测激光雷达(ACDL)在一套激光雷达中集成了2种探测体制,采用1572 nm积分路径激光差分吸收方法测量全球CO_(2)柱浓度,采用532 nm高光谱探测(HSRL)方法测量气溶胶和云的垂直廓线,均为国际首次在星载平台成功验证,是国际首个星载CO_(2)探测激光雷达和国际首个高光谱气溶胶探测激光雷达。在国际已发射的星载激光雷达中,ACDL激光雷达是探测体制最全、波长最多、能量最高、频率最稳和精度最准的激光雷达,实现了创新跨越。大气探测激光雷达在轨连续工作,首次获得了全天时精度优于1×10-6的全球CO_(2)柱浓度、精度优于20%的气溶胶廓线等遥感数据。本文介绍了ACDL激光雷达的工作原理、系统参数以及相关的定标测试结果。

Spaceborne lidar is an important instrument to accurately measure global atmospheric CO_(2) column concentrations and aerosol profiles.The aerosol and carbon dioxide detection lidar(ACDL)for atmospheric environment monitoring satellite is a novel spaceborne lidar,in which two detection systems are integrated.The 1572 nm integral path laser differential absorption(IPDA)method is used to measure the global CO_(2) column concentrations,and the 532 nm high spectrum resolution lidar(HSRL)method is adopted to measure the vertical profiles of aerosols and clouds,which both are firstly and successfully validated in the spaceborne platform.Therefore,it is the first spaceborne ACDL and the first HSRL in the world.Among the launched spaceborne lidars,the ACDL lidar has the most complex detection system with the largest number of wavelengths,the highest energy,the most stable frequency,and the most accurate accuracy for CO_(2) and aerosol measurements,achieving an innovative step.The ACDL operates continuously in orbit,and obtains the global CO_(2) column concentrations with an accuracy better than 1×10-6 and the aerosol profiles with an accuracy better than 20%for the first time.In this paper,the working principle,system parameters,and related calibration test results of the ACDL are introduced.