基于干涉时差测量的卫星无源测定轨技术及其结果

Satellite orbit determination based on interferometric time delay measurement

基于干涉时差测量的卫星无源测定轨是一种有巨大发展潜力的测定轨方法,各测站使用网络传输观测数据至相关中心,再通过干涉测量手段测量卫星信号至各测站的时间差值,最后使用时差数据进行卫星定轨。为了验证基于干涉时差测量的卫星无源测定轨的定轨精度,在北京、喀什、深圳、哈尔滨搭建实验网,对GEO(geosynchronous Erath orbit)卫星亚太6C进行干涉时差测量测定轨,观测时长为9天。对时差数据、定轨残差和重叠弧段轨道差的分析表明,干涉时差测量测定轨的时差测量的精度约为0.7 ns,定轨残差的RMS(root mean square)优于0.7 m,定轨精度(重叠弧段轨道误差)为17.78 m。对轨道误差源进行了分析,并根据误差源提出了后续进一步提高轨道精度的几种方法。

orbit determination of satellites based on interferometric time delay measurement is an orbit determination method with great potential.Measurement data of each stations were transferred to correlator center,then the baseline time delay of the satellite signal is determined by processing of interferometric data,and finally the time delay data is used to determine the satellite orbit.In order to verify the orbit accuracy of this method,an experimental network was built at Beijing,Kashgar,Shenzhen and Harbin.With this network,orbit determine experiments on the geosynchronous Erath orbit(GEO)satellite APSTAR-6C were conducted.In total,9 days observational data were recorded,we present analysis of the time delay data and evaluations of the satellite orbit.The post-fitted delay residuals after orbit determination is around 0.7 ns,the root mean square(RMS)of the orbit difference of the overlapped is better than 0.7 m,while the average overlapped orbit difference is 17.78 m.Sources of the orbit error are analyzed.Methods to further improve the accuracy of the orbit are proposed.