实体经济对普惠金融需求的制约因素研究

Research on the Constraints of the Demands for Inclusive Finance in the Real Economy

近年来,普惠金融扶持实体经济的初步成果显著,基于国民经济需求的提高,实体经济对普惠金融需求提出更高质量的服务要求。本文通过问卷调查形式和主成分分析方法,研究实体经营者对普惠金融的需求类型、需求强度及制约因素。结果显示:政策性农业保险、投资理财产品、小额免抵押贷款、扶贫贷款贴息机制、储蓄结算、金融专业咨询是企业经营者选择普惠金融服务的重要需求方向;经营者知识水平、贷款类型、贷款利率、贷款期限、贷款额度、银行物理距离及金融服务点数量、贷款机构资质是经营者普惠贷款的重要限制性因素,其中贷款类型、贷款利率、贷款期限、贷款额这四项影响较大。

In recent years,the initial results of inclusive finance to support the real economy have been remarkable.Based on the increased demands of the national economy,the real economy has required higher-quality services for inclusive finance.This paper studies the types of demands,the intensity of demands,and constraints of real operators for inclusive finance through the questionnaire survey and the method of principal component analysis.The results show that policy-oriented agricultural insurance,investment,and financial products,small mortgage-free loans,loan subsidy mechanisms for poverty alleviation,savings and settlement,and financial professional consultation are the important demands for business operators to choose inclusive financial services;operators’knowledge level,loan types,loan interest rates,loan terms,loan amounts,physical distance from banks and the number of financial service banks,and qualification of lending institutions are constraints for operators’inclusive lending,with four of them,loan types,loan interest rates,loan terms,and loan amounts,having a greater impact.