探讨屏幕时间对学龄期儿童抑郁的影响及其媒介因素

The exploration of the impact of screen time on depression in school children and its mediating factors

目的探讨学龄期儿童屏幕时间对抑郁症状的影响。方法采用学龄期儿童电子产品调查问卷和儿童抑郁量表对温岭市165名7~10岁学龄期儿童进行抽样调查,运用单因素、零阶偏相关多因素分析、分层回归分析和路径分析进行统计分析。结果研究发现学龄期儿童抑郁量表指数平均值为(9.75±3.50),其中男童(9.75±3.50),女童(10.53±3.71),两者比较差异有统计学意义(t=2.102,P=0.037)。运用零阶偏相关多因素分析和分层回归分析发现,屏幕时间和儿童抑郁量表指数存在显著相关(r=0.442,P<0.001),久坐不动和睡眠时间作为媒介因素,与屏幕时间和儿童抑郁量表指数均存在显著相关(P<0.001)。通过路径分析显示,屏幕时间对儿童抑郁量表指数的总效果,男童为0.488,女童为1.156。结论屏幕时间、久坐不动是儿童抑郁症状的危险因素,与儿童抑郁量表指数存在正相关,而睡眠时间与儿童抑郁量表指数存在负相关。

Objective To characterize the relationships between the screen-time and depression among 7 to 10 years old school children.Methods A cross-sectional chart review was used,and 165 children aged from 7 to 10 years,from primary school in Wenling were selected.Their parents completed The Children's Depression Index Questionnaire.An additional questionnaire also completed by their parents to provide the information about the children's screen-time,sedentary behaviour,and time spent sleeping.The questionnaires were surveyed within one week after their schools'annual physical check-up.Results The average Children's Depression Index factors was(9.75±3.50),in which(9.75±3.50)for boys and(10.53±3.71)for girls(t=2.102,P=0.037).Zero-order correlation statistics,hierarchical regression analysis and bootstrapping test revealed that time spent sleeping was complete mediator in association between screen-time and The Children's Depression Index factors for boys(P<0.001),and had no significant effect for girls.However,sedentary behavior was incomplete mediator for girls,and had no significant effect for boys.Conclusion Depressive symptoms are associated with screen time.