社会主义建设时期毛泽东科技举国体制方略研究

Research on Mao Zedong's Strategy for the National System of Science and Technology in the Period of Socialist Construction

作为社会主义革命和建设事业的开拓者,毛泽东在继承马克思主义经典作家和中华优秀传统文化中有关举国之力思想的基础上,结合社会主义建设的实际,进行不断探索,构建起以自力更生为前提,以集中力量办大事为内核,以建设科技人才队伍为支撑,以“百家争鸣”为驱动,以中长期科技发展规划为战略抓手的科技举国体制,走出一条协同攻关的科技发展道路。毛泽东科技举国体制方略突破了新中国成立初期科技基础薄弱的困境,成为我国社会主义建设时期发展科技的重要法宝和成功秘诀。在“两个大局”背景下,毛泽东科技举国体制方略为推动新时代科技自立自强,健全新型科技举国体制和建设世界科技强国提供了历史启示和经验参照。

As the forerunner of the socialist revolution and construction,Mao Zedong,based on inheriting the ideas of the classical writers of Marxism and the excellent Chinese traditional cultureabout nationwide efforts,combined with the actual socialist construction,carried out continuous exploration and built up the national system of science and technology with self-reliance as the premise,focusing on major events as the core,building a team of scientific and technological talents as the support,“a hundred schools of thought contention”as a driver,and the mid-term and long-term science and technology development plan as the strategic grip,to come out of a collaborative scientific and technological development path.Mao Zedong's strategy for the national system of science and technology overcame the difficulty of the weak foundation of science and technology in the early days of the People's Republic of China and became a priceless treasure and a formula for success in the development of science and technology during the period of socialist construction in China.In the context of the“two overall situations”,Mao Zedong's strategy for the national system of science and technology provides historical inspiration and experience reference for promoting self-reliance and self-improvement in science and technology in the new era,enhancing the new national system of science and technology and building the strong country in science and technology.