应急医疗资源保障研究综述

Review on studies of emergency medical resource support

应急医疗资源是应对突发公共卫生事件的物质基础和保障,能否根据需求及时、准确地提供应急医疗资源对于降低疫情造成的损失具有重要作用。首先,综述了应急医疗资源需求预测方法及紧迫度的评估指标体系;其次,对应急医疗资源储备的关键问题进行分析,综述了规模与轮换、政企合作、设施选址3个方面的研究现状;再次,从优化目标、时间窗等角度总结应急医疗资源调配模型,以及优化算法的研究现状;最后,对应急医疗资源保障发展趋势进行了总结和展望,指出通过大数据技术和平台提升应急医疗资源保障能力尤为重要,具体应关注3个方面:1)运用数字技术建设应急医疗资源大数据平台;2)通过大数据平台重构应急医疗资源保障系统;3)应急医疗资源保障系统重构的实现路径。

Emergency medical resources are the material basis and guarantee for responding to public health emergencies.Timely and accurate provision of emergency medical resources based on demand plays an important role in reducing the losses caused by the epidemic.Firstly,the prediction method of emergency medical resource demand and the evaluation index system of urgency were summarized.Secondly,the key issues of emergency medical resource reserve were analyzed,and the research status of scale and rotation,government-enterprise cooperation,facility location was summarized.Thirdly,the emergency medical resource allocation model was summarized from the optimization objective and time window,and the research status of optimization algorithm was summarized.Finally,the research status of emergency medical resource guarantee was reviewed,and the development trend of emergency medical resource guarantee was summarized and prospected,suggesting that it is particularly important to improve the emergency medical resource guarantee ability through big data technology and platform,which includes three aspects:1)Using digital technology to build a big data platform for emergency medical resources;2)Reconstructing the emergency medical resource support system through the big data platform;3)Implementation path for the reconstruction of emergency medical resource support system.