抗战时期毛泽东制定“共同纲领”战略构想的演进历程

The Evolution of Mao Zedong′s Conception of Formulating the"Common Program"during the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression

瓦窑堡会议后,中国共产党正式提出制定抗日民族统一战线“共同纲领”的倡议,毛泽东在多个场合对其政治内涵与核心议题进行阐释。洛川会议后,毛泽东指出应以三民主义和《抗日救国十大纲领》作为“共同纲领”的主要内容。随着国共第二次合作正式达成,毛泽东进一步认为《抗日救国十大纲领》本质上即为三民主义,并号召国共两党应正确执行三民主义的“共同纲领”,但由于国民党坚持片面抗战路线,多次制造反共高潮,制定“共同纲领”的政治基础不断遭到消解。抗战胜利前夕,毛泽东依据国内政治形势变化,顺势提出同民主党派制定“共同纲领”,同时在党的七大政治报告中提出一般纲领和具体纲领的明确划分,为中国共产党关于成立联合政府的主张提供了理论依据。抗战时期,毛泽东制定“共同纲领”的战略构想,旗帜鲜明地表达了中国共产党人坚持全面抗战路线的政治立场和方针政策。

After the Wayaobu Conference,the CPC formally proposed to formulate a"common program"for the Chinese united front against Japanese aggression,and Mao Zedong explained its political connotation and core issues on many occasions.After the Luochuan Conference,Mao Zedong pointed out that the Three Principles of the People and the Ten Programs for Resisting Japan and National Salvation should be the main contents of the"common program".With the formal completion of the second cooperation between the KMT and the CPC,Mao Zedong further believed that the Ten Programs for Resisting Japan and National Salvation was essentially the Three Principles of the People,and called on the KMT and the CPC to correctly implement the"common program"of the Three Principles of the People.However,as the KMT adhered to the line of the one-sided Resistance against Japanese Aggression and repeatedly created anti-Communist climaxes,the political foundation for formulating the"common program"had been continuously eroded.On the eve of the victory of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression,according to the changes in the domestic political situation,Mao Zedong proposed to formulate a"common program"with the democratic parties.At the same time,he put forward a clear division of the general program and the specific program in the political report of the Seventh CPC National Congress,which provided a theoretical basis for the CPC′s proposition of establishing a coalition government.During the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression,Mao Zedong′s strategic concept of formulating a"common program"clearly expressed the political stance,principles and policies of the Chinese Communists to adhere to the line of the total Resistance Against Japanese Aggression.