论《文心雕龙》对道家思想的接受与改造

On the Acceptance and Transformation of Taoism in Wen Xin Diao Long

《文心雕龙》文学批评思想体系的建构过程一直是“龙学”研究的重要问题。刘勰的文学思想立足于儒家,同时兼收并蓄,吸纳了子学中的思想精华,尤其是道家的思想。先秦时期以老庄为代表的道家思想对刘勰浸润至深,为刘勰建构文学批评体系提供了重要的思想资源。刘勰的文学本质论、创作论与审美论背后都有对老庄思想的吸收,刘勰在“折衷”的学术态度之下,对道家思想进行了转化与改造,从而拓展了其文学思想的哲学深度。从子学的视域下重新梳理刘勰与道家思想的关系,不仅能够让我们看清刘勰思想的理论谱系,也能重估道家思想在古代文艺理论中的价值。

The construction process of the literary criticism ideological system of Wen Xin Diao Long has always been an important issue in the study of"Long xue".On the whole,Liu Xie′s literary thought is based on the Confucian classics,and at the same time,absorbs the essence of ideas in sub-studies,especially Taoist ideas.In the pre-Qin period,Taoist thought represented by Lao Zhuang deeply infiltrated Liu Xie and provided important ideological resources for Liu Xie to construct a literary criticism system.Liu Xie′s literary essentialism,creation theory and aesthetic theory all have the absorption of Lao&Zhuang thought,and Liu Xie has transformed and reformed Taoist thought under the academic attitude of"eclecticism",thereby expanding the philosophical depth of his literary thought.Re-sorting the relationship between Liu Xie and Taoist thought from the perspective of sub-studies can not only allow us to see the theoretical genealogy of Liu Xie′s thought,but also re-evaluate the value of Taoist thought in ancient literary and art theory.