职业教育设计导向学习任务:内涵意蕴、现实困境与实践路径

Design-oriented Learning Tasks in Vocational Education:Connotation,Practical Dilemmas and Practical Paths

职业教育承担着为中国式现代化提供技能支撑和人才培养的重任,实施设计导向学习任务是职业教育培养高素质技术技能人才的重要环节。设计导向学习任务是一种面向从“熟练者”到“专家”的培养过程、以典型工作任务为基础、以支架式学习为主要策略的任务设计模式。审视当前职业教育设计导向学习任务发展现状,会发现存在诸多问题,主要表现为认知理念偏颇、实践知识矮化、学习时空固化及主体互动错位。针对职业教育设计导向学习任务的现实发展困境,需要更新育人理念、提升任务设计质量,开展教师培训、提升教师实践教学能力,树立大情境观、整合教育时空资源及支持协作学习、增强人际交互合作。

Vocational education undertakes the task of providing technical support and talent training for Chinese path to modernization,and implementing the design-oriented learning task is an important link for vocational education to cultivate high-tech skilled talents.It is a training process oriented from"proficient"to"expert",based on typical work tasks and using scaffolding learning as the main strategy for task design.Examining the current development status of vocational education design oriented learning tasks,it finds that there are many problems,mainly manifested as biased cognitive concepts,dwarfed practical knowledge,fixed learning time and space,and misplaced subject interaction.In view of the practical dilemma of the development of vocational education design oriented learning tasks,it is needed to update the educational concept,improve the quality of task design,carry out teachers training,improve teachers'practical teaching ability,establish a big context view,integrate educational space-time resources and support collaborative learning,and enhance interpersonal interaction and cooperation.