“双碳”目标下我国碳普惠制度的地区协调研究

Study on the Regional Coordination of Carbon Generalized System of Preferences and Its Path of Rule of Law under Carbon Peak and Carbon Neutrality Target in China

碳普惠制度是对小微企业、家庭和个人的节能减碳行为进行具体量化和赋予一定价值,并建立起以商业激励、政策鼓励和核证减排量交易相结合的碳减排制度。碳普惠制度对微观领域碳减排具有重要作用,有助于社会公众形成绿色低碳的行为习惯。我国碳普惠制度正处于地区自主试点发展阶段,区域发展差异性大,跨区域碳普惠行为广泛存在,需要推动碳普惠制度地区协调以确保碳普惠制度的功能发挥。碳普惠制度地区协调的核心是碳普惠制度实施过程中核证减排量的核准与认证、跨区域碳普惠行为的统一管理以及碳普惠制度的地区普及率。进一步完善碳普惠制度地区协调,在中央层面,建立中央与地方核证减排量有效衔接机制,理顺跨区域碳普惠行为管理机制,强制普及碳普惠制度;在地方层面,建立跨区域碳普惠制度协调机制和碳普惠制度正向引导机制。

The carbon generalized system of preferences is a carbon reduction system that quantifies and assigns certain value to the energy saving and carbon reduction behaviors of small and micro enterprises,families and individuals,and establishes a carbon reduction system that combines commercial incentives,policy incentives and certified emission reduction trading.Carbon generalized system of preferences plays an important role in carbon emission reduction in the micro field and helps the public form green and low-carbon behavior habits.China’s carbon generalized system of preferences is in the stage of regional independent pilot development,with great differences in regional development,and cross-regional carbon generalized system of preferences behavior is widespread.It is necessary to promote the regional coordination of carbon generalized system of preferences to ensure the function of carbon generalized system of preferences.The core of the regional coordination of the carbon generalized system of preferences is the approval and certification of certified emission reductions in the implementation of the carbon generalized system of preferences,the unified management of cross-regional carbon inclusive behaviors,and the regional penetration rate of the carbon generalized system of preferences.To promote the regional coordination of carbon generalized system of preferences,it is necessary to seek the rule of law path at both the central and local levels.At the central level,we should establish an effective connection mechanism between central and local certified emission reduction,and straighten out a cross-regional carbon generalized system of preferences behavior management mechanism,and force the popularization of carbon generalized system of preferences.At the local level,a cross-regional coordination mechanism of carbon generalized system of preferences and a positive guidance mechanism of carbon generalized system of preferences should be established.