数字经济驱动我国全要素生产率提高的机理与路径

The Mechanism and Path of Improving Total FactorProductivity by Digital Economy

提高全要素生产率是实现中国经济高质量发展的必然要求,数字经济通过提高全要素生产力赋能高质量发展。新发展阶段,数字经济作为新型经济形态,能够赋能实体经济,激发创新活力,优化经济结构,提高全要素生产率。数字经济可以优化资源配置、减少资源消耗、降低环境非期望产出,提高绿色全要素生产率;可以提高要素配置效率、促进技术进步,提高制造业企业全要素生产率;可以通过“数字乡村”优化农村区域治理,提高农业全要素生产率;还可以优化信息传递、催生新业态,提高服务业全要素生产率。目前,我国数字技术创新滞后、产业融合率低、人才短缺、数字基础设施建设滞后等问题仍然制约着数字经济驱动全要素生产率的提高。在中国式现代化新征程中,数字经济提高生产效率需要在技术创新、人才培育、数字基础设施建设等方面采取措施,发挥数字经济对全要素生产率的驱动作用,实现经济的高质量发展。

Improving total factor productivity is an essential requirement to achieve high-quality development of China’s economy.In the new era of Chinese economy,digital technology can optimize economic structure and improve economic efficiency.Specifically,digital economy contributes to optimized resource allocation,reduce resource consumption,protect the ecological environment,and thus improves green total factor productivity.It can improve factor matching efficiency,promote technological progress,and improve the total factor productivity of manufacturing enterprises,as well as optimize rural regional governance through“digital villages”.Digital economy can optimize information transmission,foster new business models,and improve the total factor productivity of tourism and circulation industries.Currently,China’s manufacturing industry is large in scale and well-established,but problems such as lagging technological innovation,low industry integration,talent shortage,and lagging digital infrastructure construction still constrain the development of digital economy.Real economy is the foundation of high-quality development,and its combination with digital economy can significantly improve production efficiency.Measures need to be taken in areas such as technological innovation,talent,and infrastructure construction to further promote the integration of the digital economy with the real economy,harness the driving force of the digital economy for total factor productivity and achieve high-quality economic development.